Jacques Maritain 의 인간교육에 관한 연구 = A Study on the Education of Man in Jacques Maritain

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study aims to investigate the educational thought in Jacques Maritain(1882-1973) to achieve the completions of a man and of a social man. He was one of famous leaders of Perennialism in 20th century. Modern society is getting perfessionalized, mechanized and automatized, by developed scientific culture and it is under the influence of the peculiar good, not the common good. For those reasons, mankind is faced with terrible threats of slavery and dehumanization today, but Jacques Maritain took a serious view of the aspirations for the completion of a man as his whole, not his part and as his independence, not his suboradination, existing in him. He established the theory of the education of man with his unique view of a man like that. The subject of the education is `a man` and the end of the education is to achieve the completions of a man of a social man. The aim of this study is to investigate the educational view of Jacques Maritain who considers the completions of a man and of a social man as the main task of education. He contribution much to modern educational philosophy by establishing a new formation of philosophy of `Neo-Thomism` through reinterpreting the philosophy of St.Thomas Aquinas and applying it to modern problems, and left a great number of his books and writings behind. His educational thought is based on the aspiration for the internal and external liberty desiring eagerly to be a man of independence, or of liberty as his whole, not his part, and as his independence, not his subordination, existing in man, and this aspiration is rooted in the fathomless abyss of the preconscious of the spirit in him. It accordingly aims to do the perfections of a man and of a social man as one united soul and body or one united personality and individuality. The former, the first end, is achieved by awakening and freeing of inner vital factors-preconsciousness of the spirit in him, and the latter, the second end,, by observing the common good of the political society. Thus this aspiration becomes the vital energy for the completions of a man and of a social man. At the result, it comes to complete the inner and external freedom of him. From above facts, the principle of education is derived, centered on the student who is the primary subject of education. Life is not a self-renewing process through action upon the environment, but it is the result of thinking according to Jacques Maritain, and yet he dose not mean the opposition between the education for the first end and the education for the second, end, and it means that the latter supposes the former as a prerequisite, but that the former is impossible without the latter. In order to free out education from the mistaken thoughts and from the peculiar good, not the common good in our politic society, and to have the education help to from the completion of a man as his whole, not his part and as his liberty or independence, not his subordination, the educational philosophy and the educational theory of Jacques Maritain should be studied more in depth.