한국의 생명정치와 우울증: 예비적 분석 = Biopolitics and Depression in Korea: A Preliminary Analysis

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This paper attempts a preliminary analysis before a full-scale empirical study on the reasons why the reality of depression seems to be hidden rather than manifest in Korea and why such a phenomenon leads to the high rate of suicides. In this analysis, the concept that will be used as central to this paper is that of ‘biopolitics’. The concept of biopolitics originally suggested by Michel Foucault in his late works has developed into diverse theories by Western social scientists since the 21st century. However, such theories presuppose the experience of biopolitics based on the liberal governmentality of the West. In a country like Korea, which has experienced a governmentality different from that of the West, biopolitics has developed by following a different path. It is the main argument of this paper that such a different path of biopolitics has led to a special result such as the combination of hidden depression and high suicide rate in Korea. In conclusion, the combined results of the rapid aging of population and the high poverty rate of the aged seem to have led to the highest suicide rate of the latter with their hidden sufferings from depression. Therefore, it is not easy to solve these problems without a clear understanding of their complex causes resulting from the processes of modernization in Korea. We need to transform both the governmentality of neo-liberal developmentalism and its accompanying biopolitics. But it seems most urgent to drastically improve senior welfare programs. And the support for treating depression and preventing suicides of the aged need to be an integral part of such programs.

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