미국의 아들에 나타난 폭력을 통한 인종주의적 공포의 극복 = Bigger's Resistance with Violence to Racial Discrimination in Native Son

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Richard Wright's Native Son begins and ends with death. In the opening scene Bigger Thoma kills a big rat in the kitchenette living with his mom and his siblings. The rat is a symbol of the living conditions of urban black people and a foreshadowing metaphor for Bigger's fate. Bigger is incapable of nonracial thinking because of his obsession with his own black skin. He thinks and acts with aggressions and atrocities as a way of getting out of racial pain or escaping all the negatives in his life. Bigger's ultimate act of violence is to cut off Mary's head. Bigger's defamation of Mary's dead body represents the deconstruction of body as a biological device of racial segregation. Mary's head in his nightmare which Bigger hacked off is a reflection of his own head. The substitution of his head for Mary's means the possibility of interchangeability between subject and object, murderer and murdered, oppressor and oppressed. After he kills Mary he thinks his murder is an act of creation. The fear and shame and hate which white people make rise so hard and hot in Bigger have cooled and softened.

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 Fanon, Frantz, "The Wretched of the Earth. Trans. Constance Farrington" Grove 1963

2 Joyce, Anne Joyce, "The Tragic Hero. Ed. Harold Bloom. Modern Critical Interpretation: Richard Wright's Native Son" Chelsea House Publishers 67-87, 1986

3 Roache, Joel, "The Politics of Wholeness in “How “Bigger” Was Born.”” Ed. Harold Bloom. Modern Critical Interpretation: Richard Wright's Native Son" Chelsea House Publishers 39-55, 1986

4 Bhabha,Homi K, "The Location of Culture" Routledge 1994

5 JanMohamed, Abdul R, "The Death-Bound-Subject: Richard Wright's Archeology of Death" Duke Univ. Press 2005

6 Cooke, Michael G, "The Beginnings of Self-Realization" Chelsea House Publishers 57-65, 1986

7 Hakutami, Yoshinobu, "Richard Wright and Racial Discourse" Univ.of Missouri P 1996

8 Baker Jr., Houston A, "Ricahrd Wright and the Dynamics of Place in Afro-American Literature" Cambridge Univ. Press 85-116, 1990

9 Balibar, Etienne, "Race, Nation, Class: Ambiguous Identities. Trans. of Etienne Balibar by Chris Turner" Verso 1991

10 Harris, Truder, "Native Sons and Foreign Daughters, New Essays on Native Son" Cambridge Univ. Press 63-84, 1990

11 Wright,Richard, "Native Son" Harper & Row,Publishers 1966

12 Giroux, Henry, "National Identity and the politics of Multiculturalism" 22 (22): 42-57, 1995

13 Ward Jr., Jerry W, "Everybody's protest novel: the era of Richard Wright.” Ed. Maryemma Graham. The Cambridge Companion to The African American Literature" Cambridge Univ. Press 173-185,

14 Fanon, Frantz, "Black Skin, Whit Masks. Trans. Charles Lam Markmann" Grove Press 1967