Focusing on the relationship between ethnicity and religious identity in the modern Southeast Asia, this study investigates the reasons of the successful spread of Christianity (Protestantism) among the Hmong minority people in Indochina Laos since 19...
Focusing on the relationship between ethnicity and religious identity in the modern Southeast Asia, this study investigates the reasons of the successful spread of Christianity (Protestantism) among the Hmong minority people in Indochina Laos since 1975. Leaving aside of the exception of the Philippines, the general pattern of conversion in much of Southeast Asia is that the indigenous minority peoples are mainly converting to a religion other than that followed by the dominant people in the countries concerned. The minority peoples have tended to avoid embracing the religion of the dominant majority because doing so would seem to them to lead to assimilation. Accepting R. L. Montgomery's theoretical framework on the spread of religions, I constructed a set of (middle range or micro level) factors (the independent variables) for the diffusion of Protestantism (the dependent variable) among the Hmong in Buddhist Laos: (1) the pursuit of social identity in the midst of external crisis, (2) the similarity between Hmong shamanism and Christianity, and (3) collective (family) conversions drawn from individual perceptions of Christian recipients. I follow the 'new paradigm' of the sociology of religion which emphasizes that human beings are to a great extent driven by a search for m