분노에 대한 신학적 대응 = 1사무 1,1~18을 중심으로

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

1 Sam 1:1~18 seeks Deuteronomic and theological response to ‘anger.’ The text has several words that are associated with ‘anger,’ including verbs and nouns whose root is k?s/?. Words that stem from k?s/? mean “to cause anger,” “to worsen (verb)” “anger” “frustration” and “rage (noun).” Based on the structure and meaning analysis of the word and diachronical-synchronical exegesis of the text, the text understands ‘Yahweh’s hegemony’ as the ultimate cause of the anger(1 Sam 1:5~6). It states that God not only permits the direct cause of pain but also plans a reward to be given to a person who has overcome such pain(1 Sam 1:17~18).
Hannah, the target of God’s such plan, evolves from a feeble and passive character who used to weep from pain without any intake of food to an active one who gradually becomes the leader of the story. Through Hannah’s transformation, the theological response to anger suggested in 1 Sam 1:1~18 has been revealed. Weaknesses and limitations of Peninnah, Hannah’s rival who increases Hannah’s frustration, Elcanah, Hannah’s incompetent husband who cannot arbitrate a conflict between Hannah and Peninnah, and Eli, a priest who misunderstands others’ pain, serve as a tool to lead Hannah to her ultimate choice. While the characters gives Hannah a significant amount of pain, Hannah just ‘weeps’ and never expresses her anger. Instead, she directly faces God and supplicates Him for her painful situation. Eventually, violent actions of Peninnah and selfish incompetency of Elcanah and Eli that arouse anger turn into theological instruments for Hannah to face God directly. Instead of pouring out her anger at people who brought her pain, Hannah pours out(?pk) and pleads(dbr) with God for her feelings about God’s incomprehensible plan, the provider of the root cause of her pain(1 Sam 1:15~16). This part of the text explains the true reason why God has brought her infertility and painful, inul,pitable treatment from her family. Ultimately, the anger expressed in Deuteronomic theology acts as a horizon that widens one’s esteem and life, and internal maturity can be accomplished through direct confrontation with God and detailed invocation during the confrontation.

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