Traditionally, rural villages in Korea have long included shared spaces such as wellsides, washing places, and village forests, where residents gathered and engaged in everyday interactions. These spaces functioned not only as sites supporting daily c...
Traditionally, rural villages in Korea have long included shared spaces such as wellsides, washing places, and village forests, where residents gathered and engaged in everyday interactions. These spaces functioned not only as sites supporting daily chores but also as social interfaces where villagers naturally encountered one another and maintained social ties. Within the rhythmic cycles of agricultural life—moving between peak and off-seasons—collective labor, rest, rituals, and play were organized around these shared spaces, allowing collective memories and shared experiences to accumulate over time. In this sense, such spaces served as vital social resources where individual lives intersected with communal life. However, accelerating urbanization, population aging, and shifting lifestyles have led many of these communal spaces to disappear or to persist only as physical remnants, stripped of their communal functions.
Despite these transformations, the village forest of Dogok-ri (Ilwol-myeon, Yeongyang-gun, Gyeongsangbuk-do) continues to function as a significant natural commons that sustains residents’ interactions. For generations, this forest has hosted communal rituals, served as a children’s playground, and provided a space for rest and everyday conversation. Through the accumulation of such uses, the village forest has evolved beyond a mere landscape element into a place layered with lived experiences and social relationships. Notably, its continued maintenance and use—despite demographic aging and limited administrative support—demonstrate that rural communities continue to sustain social relations through autonomous collective practices.
Against this backdrop, this study examines the village forest of Dogok-ri as a case to analyze how traditional commons shape and transform social relationships within rural communities. Reinterpreting the village forest as a space of relational mediation, the study investigates how repetitive practices of use and management surrounding the commons contribute to processes of community change.
Methodologically, the study employs qualitative analysis, including in-depth interviews with residents and out-migrants, posts from online community platforms such as Naver Cafe and Band, and festival records and audiovisual materials. Through these data, the study traces changes in spatial configurations, activity patterns, and participating actors over time.
The findings reveal that the Dogok-ri village forest is not a product of top-down administrative planning, but a commons that has been continuously reshaped through the repeated use, management practices, festivals, and everyday activities of residents and out-migrants. These interactions have gradually fostered social trust, reciprocity, and informal norms, deepening internal community bonds while simultaneously expanding social ties through the participation of out-migrants and external actors. These processes demonstrate that the village forest functions not merely as a site of spatial use, but as a social arena where relationships are continuously produced and reconfigured.
Taken together, this study empirically demonstrates that community change centered on the village forest is not simply a matter of changing spatial use, but a process through which social relationships are reorganized and accumulated through the mediation of the commons. The case of Dogok-ri suggests that village forests should be understood not as static heritage assets or fixed landscape elements, but as relational mediating spaces and informal public spaces where social relationships are continuously formed and reshaped through accumulated encounters and collective practices. In this respect, the study offers an alternative perspective on rural sustainability, moving beyond population-based or institution-centered approaches toward an interpretation grounded in the interaction between space, relationships, and practice.