현철의 『하믈레트』에 나타난 「King·Queen」 호칭의 번역 양상 = On the Translation of the Titles “King” and “Queen” in Hyuncheol’s Hamlet

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This paper focuses on Hyun Chul’s Korean translation of Hamlet, analyzing how the titles “King” and “Queen” are rendered, in comparison with three full Japanese translations published before Hyun Chul’s complete version.
First, regarding the translation of “King,” Kume and Tsubouchi versions and Hyun Chul’s translation primarily use terms such as “王”, “国王”, and “陛下”. In particular, for the ghost of Hamlet’s father, expressions like “先王” and “父王” are mainly used to distinguish him from the current king. A notable characteristic of Hyun Chul’s translation is the use of not only “王,” “国王,” and “陛下” for the reigning monarch, but also unique expressions like “人君”, “인군”, and “임군”. He even employs the extremely honorific title “聖上陛下” (His Sacred Majesty), showing a creative approach. For Hamlet’s father, he uses titles such as “父皇陛下” and “先父皇陛下”, reflecting his distinctive principles in word choice and translation.
As for the title “Queen,” the standard royal consort title is often rendered as “妃” in the translations by Kume and Tsubouchi, while Hyun Chul and Tozawa prefer more formal expressions belonging to the “皇后” category. When referring to Hamlet’s mother as “Queen,” most translations, including Hyun Chul’s, tend to preserve the meaning of “母”. However, what sets Hyun Chul apart is his use of a wide variety of court titles such as “王后”, “后妃” “内殿”, “内殿陛下”, “国母陛下”, and “后陛下”, adding both breadth and depth to his expression. In addition, various synonymous expressions for “King” and “Queen” are found, showcasing Hyun Chul’s original and nuanced translation choices.