남녀 대학생들이 거짓말시 나타내는비언어적 행동단서의 차이 = Sex Differences of Nonverbal Behaviors During Deception

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study was examined the sex differences of nonverbal behaviors cues during deception. 62 students participated in the experiment in pairs, with one of them as an subject and the other as an accomplice. 31 subjects(male; 15, female; 16) were led to cheat on an exam and were asked six questions about the exam individually. After separating lie and truth responses to each question, the mean frequency of nonverbal behaviors were compared when they were telling a truth with when they were lying.
There were 16 nonverbal behaviors measured by frequency：paralanguage (latency period, high pitch of voice, speech hesitations, speech errors, frequency of pauses), facial characteristics (gaze aversion, smiles, blinking, use of tongues), body movements (illustrators, adaptors, hand and finger movements, leg and foot movements, head movements, trunk movements, shifting positions).
The result of the research showed more behaviors of speech hesitations, smiles, illustrators, adaptors and showed less behaviors of speech errors, hand/leg/trunk movements when they were lying than telling a truth. On the other hand, sex differences of nonverbal behaviors during deception were found that female students showed less speech hesitations, hand movements when they were lying.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구는 거짓말과 관련된 정서를 표현하는 데 있어서 남녀의 차이가 있는지를 알아보고자 하였다. 이를 위해서 대학생 62명(남자; 30명, 여자; 32명)을 대상으로 2명씩 동성짝을 이루게 하여 한 사람은 실험참여자, 다른 한 사람은 실험협조자 역할을 하였다. 실험참여자는 주관식 중간과제 평가시험 동안 실험협조자의 주도아래 부정행위를 하였다. 그런 다음 일대일 면담과정에서 실험참여자들(남; 15명, 여; 16명)이 평가시험에 관한 질문에 답을 하는 동안 나타내는 비언어적 행동들의 빈도수를 측정하였다. 각 비언어적 행동은 언어혼란(답변지연시간, 목소리 높이, 말주저, 말실수, 잠시멈춤빈도), 얼굴동작(시선회피, 웃음, 눈깜박임, 혀내밀기), 몸동작(치장행동, 부연설명동작, 손/손가락 움직임, 발/발가락 움직임, 머리움직임, 몸움직임, 자세바꾸기)으로 총 16개였다. 각 비언어적 행동들의 평균 빈도수를 종속변인으로 하여 진술(진실·거짓말; 피험자내설계) × 성별(남․여; 피험자간설계) 반복측정 변량분석을 실시하였다. 그 결과, 진술에 따른 주효과는 말주저, 말실수, 웃음, 부연설명동작, 치장행동, 손/발/몸 움직임에서 나타났다. 즉 위의 비언어적 행동들이 거짓말의 탐지단서가 될 수 있는 것으로 나타났다. 한편, 성별에 따른 주효과는 발견되지 않았다. 그리고 상호작용효과는 말주저에서만 유의미한 것으로 나타났다. 즉, 남자는 거짓을 말할 때 말주저가 증가하는 것으로 나타났으나, 여자는 진실을 말할 때와 차이가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 이는 여성들이 남성들에 비해서 거짓말과 관련된 부정적 정서 표현을 더 잘 조절하고 통제할 수 있음을 보여주는 결과이다.

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