Textbook of hyperbaric medicine

목차 (Table of Contents)

• CONTENTS
• Part I Basic Aspects
• 1 The History of Hyperbaric Medicine / K. K. Jain = 3
• Hyperbaric Therapy and Diving Medicine = 3
• The Development of Hyperbaric Air Therapy = 4
• The Development of Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy = 7
• References = 9
• 2 Physical, Physiological, and Biochemical Aspects of Hyperbaric Oxygenation / K. K. Jain = 11
• Introduction = 11
• Physical Basics = 11
• Physiology of Oxygenation = 12
• Hyperbaric Oxygenation = 16
• Conclusion = 21
• References = 21
• 3 Effects of Diving and High Pressure on the Human Body / K. K. Jain = 23
• Physical Effects of Pressure = 23
• Effects of Pressure on Various Systems of the Body = 23
• Effect of High Pressure on Effect of Drugs = 30
• Conclusion = 31
• References = 31
• 4 Physical Exercise under Hyperbaric Conditions / K. K. Jain = 33
• Introduction = 33
• Exercise and Hypoxia = 34
• Exercise in Hyperbaric Environments = 34
• Exercise Under Hyperoxia = 35
• Physical Exercise Under Hyperbaric Conditions = 35
• Conclusion = 38
• References = 38
• 5 Hypoxia / K. K. Jain = 39
• Introduction = 39
• Pathophysiology of Hypoxia = 39
• Impact of Hypoxia on Various Body Systems = 41
• Role of HBO in the Treatment of Hypoxic States = 46
• References = 48
• 6 Oxygen Toxicity / K. K. Jain = 49
• Introduction = 49
• Pathophysiology of Oxygen Toxicity = 50
• Pathology of Oxygen Toxicity = 50
• Pulmonary Oxygen Toxicity = 52
• Conclusion and Directions for Future Research = 59
• References = 60
• 7 Hyperbaric Chambers : Equipment, Technique, and Safety / K. K. Jain = 51
• Introduction = 61
• Selection of a Hyperbaric Chamber = 68
• Technique of Hyperbaric Oxygenation = 68
• Ancillary Equipment = 70
• Respirators and Ventilators = 70
• Diagnostic Equipment = 71
• Use of Miscellaneous Medical Devices in the Hyperbaric Chamber = 72
• Monitoring of Patients in the Hyperbaric Chamber = 73
• Safety in the Hyperbaric Chamber = 74
• Regulatory Issues Relevant to Hyperbaric Medicine = 76
• Staffing of Hyperbaric Facilities = 77
• Conclusion = 77
• References = 77
• 8 Indications, Contraindications, and Complications of HBO Therapy / K. K. Jain = 79
• Indications = 79
• Contraindications = 79
• Complications of Hyperbaric Oxygenation = 81
• Precautions in Selection of Patients for HBO Treatment = 84
• Conclusion = 84
• References = 84
• 9 Drug Interactions with Hyperbaric Oxygenation / K. K. Jain = 85
• Oxygen as a Drug = 85
• Interaction of HBO with Antimicrobials = 86
• Interaction of HBO with Anticancer Agents = 86
• Interaction of HBO with Cardiovascular Drugs = 86
• Interaction of HBO with Drugs Acting on the CNS = 87
• Interaction of HBO with Miscellaneous Drugs = 88
• Practical Considerations of Drug Administration During HBO Therapy = 88
• Drugs that Enhance Oxygen Toxicity = 88
• Drugs that Protect Against Oxygen Toxicity = 88
• Conclusion = 89
• References = 89
• 10 Neurophysiologic SPECT Brain Function Imaging and Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy / J. Michael Uszler = 91
• Introduction = 91
• Case Studies = 93
• Conclusion = 94
• Suggested Reading = 96
• Part II Clinical Applications
• 11 Decompression Sickness / Philip B James ; K. K. Jain = 101
• Introduction = 101
• Pathophysiology = 102
• Clinical Features = 106
• Diagnosis = 109
• Imaging = 110
• Electrophysiological Studies = 110
• Neuropsychological Assessment = 110
• Treatment = 110
• Monoplace vs Multiplace Chambers = 115
• Use of Oxygen vs Other Gas Mixtures = 115
• Drugs = 116
• Importance of Early Treatment = 117
• Delayed Treatment = 117
• Treatment of Residual Neurological Injury and SPECT Brain Imaging in Type II DCS = 117
• Risk Factors for DCS = 117
• Preventive Measures for DCS = 118
• Prognosis of DCS = 118
• Conclusion = 118
• References = 119
• 12 Cerebral Air Embolism / K. K. Jain = 121
• Introduction = 121
• Causes = 121
• Mechanisms = 122
• Pathophysiology of Cerebral air Embolism = 122
• Clinical Features = 123
• Diagnosis = 123
• Treatment = 123
• Clinical Applications of HBO for Air Embolism = 124
• Ancillary Treatments = 126
• Hyperbaric Treatment in Special Situations = 126
• Conclusion = 129
• References = 129
• 13 Carbon Monoxide and Other Tissue Poisons / K. K. Jain = 131
• Classification of Tissue Poisons = 131
• Carbon Monoxide Poisoning = 131
• Epidemiology of CO Poisoning = 133
• Pathophysiology of CO Poisoning = 134
• Effects of CO on Various Systems of the Body = 135
• Clinical Features of CO Poisoning = 138
• Clinical Diagnosis of CO Poisoning = 140
• Laboratory Diagnosis of CO Poisoning = 140
• General Management of CO Poisoning = 142
• Cyanide Poisoning = 150
• Hydrogen Sulfide Poisoning = 150
• Carbon Tetrachloride Poisoning = 151
• Methemoglobinemias = 151
• Miscellaneous Poisons = 152
• References = 152
• 14 HBO Therapy in Infections / K. K. Jain = 155
• Introduction = 155
• HBO as an Adjuvant to Antibiotics = 157
• HBO in the Treatment of Infections = 157
• Osteomyelitis = 165
• Malignant Otitis Externa = 168
• References = 169
• 15 Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy and Chronic Lyme Disease : The Controversy and the Evidence / Caroline E Fife ; Kristen A. Eckert = 171
• Introduction to Lyme Disease vs Chronic Lyme Disease : A Brief Overview = 171
• HBOT for Lyme Disease and CLD = 174
• Conclusion = 179
• References = 180
• 16 HBO Therapy in Wound Healing, Plastic Surgery, and Dermatology / K. K. Jain = 183
• Introduction = 183
• Wound Healing = 184
• HBO as an Aid to the Survival of Skin Flaps and Free Skin Grafts = 197
• Conclusion = 200
• HBO as an Adjunct in the Treatment of Thermal Burns = 200
• Conclusion = 202
• Applications of HBO in Dermatology = 202
• References = 204
• 17 HBO Therapy in the Management of Radionecrosis / K. K. Jain = 207
• Intoduction = 207
• Radiation Biology = 208
• Radiation Pathology = 208
• HBO Therapy for Radionecrosis = 209
• Management of Osteoradionecrosis = 210
• Conclusion = 217
• References = 217
• 18 The Use of HBO in Treating Neurological Disorders / K. K. Jain = 221
• Introduction = 221
• Rationale for the Use of HBO in Neurological Disorders = 225
• Role of HBO in Neuroprotection = 226
• Indications for the Use of HBO in Neurological Disorders = 228
• Clinical Neurological Assessment of Response to HBO = 229
• Diagnostic Procedures Used for Assessing the Effect of HBO = 230
• References = 234
• 19 Role of Hyperbaric Oxygenation in the Management of Stroke / K. K. Jain = 237
• Introduction = 237
• Risk Factors for Stroke = 238
• Molecular Mechanism in the Pathogenesis of Stroke = 244
• Classifi cation of Ischemic Cerebrovascular Disease = 245
• Recovery from Stroke = 245
• Complications of Stroke = 246
• Sequelae of Stroke = 246
• Diagnosis of Stroke = 247
• Stroke Scales = 248
• An Overview of the Conventional Management of Stroke = 249
• Management of the Chronic Poststroke Stage = 252
• Role of HBO in the Management of Acute Stroke = 253
• Conclusions of the Effects of HBO in Stroke Patients = 265
• Future Prospects = 266
• References = 266
• 20 HBO Therapy in Global Cerebral Ischemia／Anoxia and Coma / Paul G. Harch = 269
• Introduction = 269
• Pathophysiology = 270
• Rational Basis of HBO Therapy = 271
• Review of Animal Experimental Studies = 298
• Review of Human Clinical Studies = 300
• Case Studies = 304
• Conclusion = 311
• References = 314
• 21 HBO Therapy in Neurosurgery / K. K. Jain = 321
• Introduction = 321
• Role of HBO in the Management of Traumatic Brain Injury : TBI = 321
• Role of HBO in the Management of Spinal Cord Injury = 326
• Neuroprotection During Neurosurgery = 337
• Conclusion = 337
• References = 338
• 22 Oxygen Treatment for Multiple Sclerosis Patients / Philip B. James = 341
• Introduction = 341
• Pathophysiology = 342
• Rationale for Hyperbaric Oxygen Treatment = 342
• Clinical Trials of HBO in Multiple Sclerosis = 345
• Conclusion = 349
• References = 349
• 23 HBO in the Management of Cerebral Palsy / Paul G. Harch = 351
• Introduction : Causes of Cerebral Palsy = 351
• Oxygen Therapy in the Neonatal Period = 351
• Treatment of Cerebral Palsy with HBO = 353
• Published Clinical Trials = 354
• Unpublished Studies = 356
• Comparative Effectiveness Studies = 356
• Recent Studies (Since 2007) = 357
• Side Effects = 357
• Case Reports = 358
• Conclusions = 361
• References = 363
• 24 HBO Therapy in Miscellaneous Neurological Disorders / K. K. Jain = 365
• Introduction = 365
• HBO in the Treatment of Benign Intracranial Hypertension = 365
• Peripheral Neuropathy = 366
• HBO for the Treatment of Trigeminal Neuralgia = 367
• HBO in Susac's Syndrome = 367
• Cerebral Malaria = 367
• Vascular Headaches = 367
• HBO for Autism Spectrum Disorder = 368
• Neurological Disorders in Which HBO Has Not Been Found to Be Useful = 368
• References = 370
• 25 HBO Therapy in Cardiovascular Diseases / K. K. Jain = 371
• Introduction = 371
• Pathophysiology = 371
• Hyperbaric Oxygenation in Cardiology = 372
• Clinical Applications of HBO in Cardiology = 373
• HBO as an Adjunct to Cardiac Surgery = 377
• HBO in Preventive Cardiology = 380
• HBO in Shock = 380
• Peripheral Vascular Disease = 381
• References = 390
• 26 HBO Therapy in Hematology and Immunology / K. K. Jain = 393
• Introduction = 393
• Effect of HBO on Red Blood Cells = 393
• Effect of HBO on Leukocytes = 396
• Effect of HBO on Platelets and Coagulation = 396
• Effect of HBO on Stem Cells = 396
• Effect of HBO Treatment on the Immune System = 397
• Effect of HBO Treatment on Plasma and Blood Volume = 398
• The Use of HBO in Conjunction with Oxygen Carriers = 399
• Clinical Applications of HBO in Disorders of the Blood = 399
• References = 401
• 27 HBO Therapy in Gastroenterology / K. K. Jain = 403
• Introduction = 403
• HBO in Peptic Ulceration = 403
• HBO in the Treatment of Intestinal Obstruction = 404
• Methods = 407
• HBO in Inflammatory Bowel Disease = 407
• HBO in Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract = 408
• Radiation Enterocolitis = 409
• HBO in Pneumatosis Intestinalis = 409
• HBO in Ischemic Disorders of the Intestine = 410
• Use of Hyperbaric Therapy in Removal of Entrapped Intestinal Balloons = 411
• HBO in Acute Pancreatitis = 411
• HBO in Diseases of the Liver = 412
• Conclusions Regarding the Use of HBO in Gastroenterology = 413
• References = 414
• 28 HBO and Endocrinology / K. K. Jain = 417
• Introduction = 417
• Thyroid Glands = 417
• Glucocorticoid Receptors = 417
• Adrenocortical Function = 417
• Epinephrine / Norepinephrine = 418
• Prostaglandins = 418
• Testosterone = 418
• Clinical Applications = 419
• Conclusion = 420
• References = 420
• 29 HBO and Pulmonary Disorders / K. K. Jain = 423
• Introduction = 423
• Effects of HBO on Lungs 423
• Clinical Applications = 425
• Contraindications for the Use of HBO = 427
• Conclusion = 428
• References = 428
• 30 Hyperbaric Oxygenation in Traumatology and Orthopedics / K. K. Jain = 429
• Introduction = 429
• Crush Injuries = 429
• HBO for High Pressure Water Gun Injection Injury = 433
• Peripheral Nerve Injuries = 433
• Fractures = 435
• Traumatic Amputations and Reimplantations of Body Parts = 436
• Role of HBO in Battle Casualties = 437
• Effect of HBO on Osteogenesis = 437
• Rheumatoid Arthritis = 440
• Conclusion = 441
• References = 441
• 31 HBO Therapy in Otolaryngology / K. K. Jain = 443
• Introduction = 443
• Tinnitus = 443
• Sudden Deafness = 445
• Effect of HBO in Preventing Hearing Impairment from Chronic Noise Exposure = 451
• Miscellaneous Disturbances of the Inner Ear = 451
• Neuro-otological Vascular Disturbances = 451
• Otological Complications of HBO Therapy = 453
• Aphonia Due to Chronic Laryngitis = 454
• Conclusion = 454
• References = 454
• 32 HBO Therapy and Ophthalmology / Heather Murphy-Lavoie ; Tracy LeGros ; Frank K Butler Jr ; K. K. Jain = 457
• Introduction = 457
• Review of Pertinent Anatomy and Physiology of the Eye = 458
• Adverse Effects of Hyperoxia = 459
• Ocular Contraindications to Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy = 461
• Pre-HBOT Ocular Examination = 461
• HBO in the Treatment of Diseases of the Eye = 461
• Conclusion = 478
• References = 478
• 33 Hyperbaric Oxygenation in Obstetrics and Gynecology / K. K. Jain = 485
• Introduction = 485
• HBO and Risk of Congenital Malformations = 485
• Role of HBO in Obstetrics = 486
• Use of HBO for Medical Conditions in Pregnancy = 487
• Applications of HBO in Neonatology = 487
• HBO in Gynecology = 488
• Conclusion = 488
• References = 489
• 34 Use of Hyperbaric Oxygenation (HBO) in Neonatal Patients / E Cuauhtémoc Sánchez-Rodríguez = 491
• Introduction = 491
• Hypoxic–Ischemic Encephalopathy of the Newborn = 492
• Uses of Hyperbaric Oxygenation in Hypoxic–Ischemic Encephalopathy and Necrotizing Enterocolitis of the Neonate = 492
• Use of Hyperbaric Oxygenation in Neonates = 493
• Results = 494
• Discussion = 495
• References = 495
• 35 Hyperbaric Oxygenation in Geriatrics / K. K. Jain = 499
• Introduction = 499
• Physiology of Aging = 499
• Applications of HBO in Geriatrics = 502
• Conclusion = 504
• References = 504
• 36 HBO as an Adjuvant in Rehabilitation and Sports Medicine / K. K. Jain = 505
• Introduction = 505
• Role of HBO in Rehabilitation = 505
• HBO for Treatment of Sports Injuries = 507
• HBO as an Adjunct to Sports Training = 508
• Future Prospects = 509
• References = 509
• 37 Nursing and Hyperbaric Medicine / Valerie A. Larson-Lohr = 511
• History = 511
• Hyperbaric Patient Education = 513
• Hyperbaric Nursing Research = 521
• References = 521
• 38 Role of HBO in Enhancing Cancer Radiosensitivity / K. K. Jain = 523
• Introduction = 523
• Role of Hypoxia in Tumors = 523
• Rationale of Use of HBO as Adjunct to Radiotherapy = 524
• Experimental Studies of the Radiosensitizing Effect of HBO = 524
• Clinical Studies of HBO as Radiation Sensitizer = 525
• Advantages of HBO as an Adjunct to Radiotherapy = 528
• Limitations of HBO as Adjunct to Radiotherapy of Cancer = 528
• Alternative Methods for Enhancing Radiosensitivity of Cancer = 528
• Combination of Other Methods with HBO and Irradiation for Cancer = 529
• HBO and Antineoplastic Agents = 529
• HBO and Photodynamic Therapy = 530
• Conclusion = 530
• References = 530
• 39 HBO Therapy and Organ Transplants / H. Alan Wyatt = 533
• Background = 533
• Role of HBO = 534
• Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury = 534
• Inflammation = 534
• Lung Transplants = 535
• Pancreas Transplants = 535
• Renal Transplants = 536
• Liver Transplants = 536
• Face Transplants = 537
• Hand Transplants = 537
• Miscellaneous Organs and Tissues = 537
• Clinical Applications = 538
• Conclusion = 538
• References = 538
• 40 Hyperbaric Oxygen Pretreatment and Preconditioning / Gerardo Bosco ; Enrico M. Camporesi = 541
• Introduction = 541
• Hyperbaric Medicine Perspective = 541
• Diving Medicine = 542
• References = 543
• 41 Anesthesia in the Hyperbaric Environment / Enrico M. Camporesi = 545
• Historical Perspective = 545
• Current Indications = 546
• Physical Considerations Concerning Anesthetic = 546
• Physiological Considerations = 546
• Practical Aspects of Anesthesia in the Pressure Chamber = 548
• Conclusion = 550
• References = 550
• 42 Hyperbaric Oxygen in Resuscitation / Keith Van Meter = 551
• Introduction = 551
• Indications = 553
• Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation = 553
• Case Studies = 554
• Discussion = 562
• Future Applications = 563
• Conclusion = 564
• References = 565
• 43 HBO in Military Medicine / Fabio Faralli ; Alberto Fiorito ; Gerardo Bosco = 567
• Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy and Combat Medicine = 567
• Hyperbaric Activities in Military Environment = 571
• Field of HBO Application in Military Diving Medicine = 573
• Submarine Medicine = 573
• References = 574
• Part III Hyperbaric Medicine as a Specialty
• 44 Training and Practice of Hyperbaric Medicine / K. K. Jain = 579
• Introduction = 579
• Relation of Hyperbaric Medicine to Other Medical Specialties = 580
• Training in Hyperbaric Medicine = 580
• Proposal for a Curriculum for a Diploma Course in Hyperbaric and Diving Medicine = 581
• Training of Nonphysician Healthcare Personnel for Hyperbaric Medicine = 581
• Practice of Hyperbaric Medicine = 581
• Economic Aspects = 582
• Conclusion = 582
• 45 Research in Hyperbaric Medicine / K. K. Jain = 583
• Introduction = 583
• Basic Research in HBO = 583
• Animal Experimental Studies = 584
• Application of Biotechnologies in Hyperbaric Medicine = 584
• Clinical Trials of HBO Therapy = 587
• Conclusion = 588
• References = 588
• 46 Personalized Hyperbaric Medicine / K. K. Jain = 589
• Introduction = 589
• Molecular Diagnostics as Guide to HBO Therapy = 590
• Pharmacogenomics and Pharmacogenetics of HBO = 592
• Economical Aspects of Personalized HBO Therapy = 592
• Conclusion = 592
• References = 592
• 47 The Future of Hyperbaric Medicine / K. K. Jain = 593
• Introduction to Future Medicine = 593
• Role of HBO in Future Medicine = 595
• Role of Hyperbaric Oxygen in the Multidisciplinary Healthcare Systems of the Future = 595
• Future Needs in Hyperbaric Medicine = 595
• References = 596
• 48 Ethical Issues, Standards, and Quality Control in the Practice of Hyperbaric Medicine / Caroline E. Fife ; Kristen A. Eckert ; Wilbur Thomas Workman = 597
• Alternative Medical Treatments and Off- Label Use of Hyperbaric Oxygen = 598
• Ethical Challenges with HBOT Clinical Trial Design = 603
• HBOT Market Regulations = 605
• Conclusion = 606
• References = 607
• 49 Worldwide Overview of Hyperbaric Medicine / K. K. Jain = 609
• Introduction = 609
• Hyperbaric Medicine in China = 609
• Hyperbaric Medicine in Japan = 610
• Hyperbaric Medicine in Russia = 611
• Hyperbaric Medicine in Germany = 612
• World Distribution of Hyperbaric Facilities = 613
• Conclusion = 614
• Reference = 614
• 50 Hyperbaric Medicine in the United States / Thomas M. Bozzuto = 615
• Introduction = 615
• American College of Hyperbaric Medicine = 617
• National Board of Diving and Hyperbaric Medical Technology = 619
• Baromedical Nurses Association = 619
• Indications for Use of Hyperbaric Oxygen = 620
• Resources = 620
• 51 Hyperbaric Medicine in Latin America / Cuauhtémoc Sánchez-Rodríguez = 623
• History = 623
• Introduction = 623
• Existing General Standards = 624
• Responsible Existing Authorities = 624
• Latin American Consensus = 624
• Implementation of Minimum Standards and Regulations = 625
• Index = 627