노인요양병원 욕창 위험군 노인의 욕창 발생 관련요인 = Pressure Ulcers in Long-Term Care Hospitals in Korea: Prevalence and Risk Factors

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구는 노인장기요양기관에 입소한 노인대상자 중 욕창 위험군 노인의 욕창발생율을 조사하고 관련요인을 규명하는데 목적이 있다. 연구방법은 8개 지역의 16개 노인요양병원을 대상으로 노인대상자의 욕창위험정도를 사정한 후, Braden Scale 18점 이하의 욕창 위험군을 선별하여 조사하였다. 자료수집기간은 2010년 3월2일부터 7월 27일까지 진행하였으며, 대상자 욕창부위 관찰과 설문지 작성, 의무기록 참조 등을 통해 자료수집하였다. 자료분석을 위하여 SPSS/WIN 18.0 프로그램을 활용하여 Chi-square test, t-test를 시행하였다. 연구결과에서 욕창 위험군 중 8.1%의 대상자가 입원기간 중 욕창이 새로 발생하였으며, 비욕창군과 비교하여 관련요인을 조사한 결과 위장관 튜브 삽입, 유치도뇨관 삽입, 억제대 사용, 기동성, 일상생활 수행능력, 인지기능에유의한 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구는 욕창 위험군에게 특화된 욕창예방활동을 제공해야 할 근거자료를 제시하였다는데 의의가 있다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The purpose was to determine the prevalence and risk factors for pressure ulcers in elderly patients with potential risks of developing pressure ulcers in long-term care hospitals in Korea. This cross-sectional study involved 805 elderly of pressure ulcer risk group with Braden scale scores of less than 18. The participants dwelled in 16 long-term care hospitals located in 8 rural or urban area and had no pressure ulcer at admission. Data were collected between March 2 and July 27, 2010 and the data comprised of completed questionnaires, medical records, and observations. Chi-square test,and t-test were used with SPSS/WIN version 18.0 to analyze the data. Sixty five elderly (8.1%)developed new pressure ulcers during the hospitalization. Pressure ulcer risk factors were significantly different upon gastric tube feeding (p<.001), urinary retention catheter (p<.001), mobility (p<.001), and use of restraint (p=.016) between pressure ulcer group and non pressure ulcer group.
The Braden Scale Score (p<.001), activities of daily living (p<.001), cognitive function (p<.001) were significantly different between groups. This study identifies the first pressure ulcer survey conducted in long term care in Korea, and the results provide significant insights into pressure ulcer prevention practice in elderly care.

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