A Study on Electric Vehicle Use Activation Policy
for Carbon Zero City
In order to cope with climate change due to global warming, humans resolved to reduce greenhouse gas emissions through the Kyoto Protocol in 1997. After declaring to reduce 30 ...
A Study on Electric Vehicle Use Activation Policy
for Carbon Zero City
In order to cope with climate change due to global warming, humans resolved to reduce greenhouse gas emissions through the Kyoto Protocol in 1997. After declaring to reduce 30 % of greenhouse gas emissions in Copenhagen Conference of Parties in 2009, Korea is also setting and conducting the reduction target by each sector. Policies for making a low-carbon city are very important because 70% of greenhouse gas is generated in cities. Until now, studies for the construction of eco-friendly cities have mainly focused on the relationship between energy consumption and spatial structure of the city. However, with the recent development of new energy technology, the introduction of environmentally-friendly transportation for carbon zero city has been actively reviewed and the distribution and spread of electric vehicles have been promoted the most essentially.
Although electric vehicles are the means of transportation with high energy efficiency and no greenhouse gas emissions, the spread has been delayed due to the lack of battery technology and difficulty of charging infrastructure building. With recent advance in technology, however, electric vehicles that can travel a long distance and be charged quickly were developed and are rapidly distributed in U.S. and EU and electric vehicles are developed and spread actively also in China which is emerging as the world's largest automotive market.
After announcing the electric vehicle industry activation plan in 2009, the Korean Government started the development and spread of electric vehicles but in reality, they are far behind global trend because of the lukewarm investment of automobile manufacturers. In Korea, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province is the most active in the electric vehicle supply among the other local government, which accounted for 47.2% of the national supply as of the end of 2014 and has been activated enough that the purchase application rate reaches 10:1 because of residents' high interest. Therefore, the case of Jeju Special Self-Governing Province and analyzing consumer characteristics and purchase awareness factors are considered to be able to derive the important results in the supply and spread of electric vehicles in Korea in the future.
In this regard, the followings were analyzed through this study: An electric vehicle is a car preferred by young people and age preferences vary significantly. Preference differences between town unit and village unit of Jeju City are not that big. The preference of residents living in the apartment where it is not convenient to install charging facilities is not greatly different from that of those living in other housing types. Those who currently have a compact car prefer an electric vehicle. When purchasing an electric vehicle, the most positive factor is a ‘reduction in maintenance costs such as fuel expenses etc.’ When purchasing an electric vehicle, the most negative factor is the ‘lack of battery performance.’ The most important policy for the electric vehicle activation is an ‘increase in subsidies.’ Of selection factors of 7 supply vehicles, the most important factor is ‘the mileage per 1 time charging.’ An electric vehicle is highly likely to be used as a regular main vehicle of the household. The current holding vehicle may be maintained in the household even after purchasing an electric vehicle and cause an increase in household auto-ownership and mid-size and large vehicles and vehicles released not long ago increase this possibility further.
Based on this analysis, the following supplementation of policy is considered to be necessary for supplying and spreading of electric vehicles in the future. While young people maintaining preference, they should also lead the pride for the environmental contribution, and it is determined to be necessary to continue the preferential supply policy for old vehicle holder then limit the application qualification of large car holders to prevent governmental R & D support for battery performance improvement and EV supply from leading to an increase in vehicle per household. The subsidy-oriented supply policy needs to be improved but with extra prudence and it is necessary to review stable securing of subsidies through EV subsidy system. Also, in order to eliminate the vague anxiety toward electric cars, it is necessary to strengthen the promotion for charging facilities and failure service. And in order to increase preference of mid-size and large electric cars and reduce the proportion of mid-size and large cars in Korea, compact and small electric car-oriented supply and spread needs to be encouraged.