청년층의 학교-직장 이행

국문 초록 (Abstract)

청년층의 학교-직장 이행을 다룬 앞선 연구는 이행의 유형이 나라마다 다르다는 사실을 드러내고, 이 변이가 각 국의 교육제도 노동시장구조, 이 양자의 연결구조의 차이 때문에 발생하였음을 보였다. 그러나 한 사회의 학교-직장 이행의 변화를 설명할 때에는 제도보다 구조에 눈을 돌리는 편이 더 낫다. 쉽사리 바뀌지 않는 제도로 이행의 변화를 설명하기 힘들기 때문이다. 이 글은 한국의 학교-직장 이행의 변화를 노동력의 수요와 공급을 좌우하는 몇 가지 구조 요인으로 설명하였다. 이 글은 한국노동연구원의 노동패널 청년층 부가자료를 경쟁위험모형과 같은 사건사 모형으로 분석하여 다음 사실을 발견하였다. 첫째, 학교를 마치고 노동시장에 진입할 때, 1990년을 전후한 시기에는 전문계 고등학교 학력이 일반계 고등학교 학력보다 유리하였지만 이 유리함은 2000년에 근접할수록 점차 감소하였다. 둘째, 화이트칼라 상층 직업에 진입할 때, 고등교육은 원래부터 다른 어떤 학력보다 유리하였지만 이 유리함은 1990년대를 거치면서 매년 조금씩 증가하였다. 셋째, 청년층의 학교-직장 이행의 이런 변화는 우리 사회의 구조 변화에서 비롯하였다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Prior research on the school-to-work transition showed the differences in transition pattern across countries and tried to explain such differences by the variation of institutional contexts and structural conditions among countries. However, it is rathe better to focus on the structural transformations when explaining the change of transition in a society, just because the institutional contexts are seldom altered in a short period. This paper tried to explain the changes of school-to-work transition in Korea by the structural shifts in business cycles, the ratio of youth in the population, the occupational upgrading, and the educational expansion. Analyzing the Korean Labor and Income Panel Study data collected in 2000, and using the several event history models like competing risks model, I found the followings: first, when entering the labor market after leaving school, the advantage of vocational high school over the academic high school has decreased during the 1990s. Second, when achieving the upper strata of white collar occupations, the effect of tertiary education has increased during the same time span. Third, the structural transformations seem to be responsible for these changes in the transition from school to work.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• Ⅰ. 머리말
• Ⅱ. 청년층의 학교-직장 이행을 규정하는 요인
• Ⅲ. 한국의 노동시장 관련 구조 변화
• Ⅳ. 자료, 방법, 변수
• Ⅴ. 발견
• Ⅵ. 논의 및 결론
• 참고문헌
• English Abstracts

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