다문화 멘토링에 관한 질적 연구 = A qualitative study of cross-cultural mentoring : Mentoring as the everyday practice of multiculturalism

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This qualitative research aims to explore the experience of youth volunteers who have taken part in a cross-cultural child mentoring program in Seoul. South Korea. For the purpose of the provision of educational and emotional support to immigrant children, young people’s participation in the program shows us the detailed picture of everyday multicultural experiences between residents and immigrants. The research finds that mentors tend to experience a few similar features through the progression of the mentoring program. First, the mentoring enables the participants to acknowledge cultural proximity between the mentors and the mentees. Second, the mentoring includes emotional processes in which mentors build semi-familial relationships with mentees. Third, educational activities are inclined to play a key role in the mentoring program, reflecting the mentor's attitude to education as a solution to the social contradiction which migrant children encounter. Fourth, the act of mentoring involves mentors' effort to understand other cultures and cultural differences; however, the cultural awareness may develop into ‘assimilationist’ attitudes that assume cultural hierarchy between resident adult mentors and migrant child mentees.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구는 서울의 ○○시민단체에 의해 운영되고 있는 다문화가정 아동 멘토링 프로그램에 참여한 대학생 자원봉사자들의 멘토로서의 다문화 경험을 질적 연구방법을 통해 밝혀보고자 하였다. 연구 결과, 대학생 멘토들이 체험하는 멘토링의 문화적 과정은 다음과 같은 특징을 보였다. 첫째, 멘토링은 멘토와 멘티 간 문화적 근접성을 확인하고 이질감이나 고정관념을 약화시키는 역할을 했다. 둘째, 멘토링은 멘토가 멘티 아동과 유사-가족적인 관계를 형성하는 정서적 과정이기도 했다. 셋째, 멘토링에서 학습 활동이 큰 비중을 차지하는 경향이 있었는데, 이는 학교교육에의 적응과 학업성취 촉진을 다문화가정 아동들이 처한 사회적 모순에 대한 해결책으로 인식하는 멘토들의 태도에 부분적으로 기인했다. 넷째, 멘토링은 문화적 차이를 이해하려는 멘토들의 노력을 포함하고 있었으나, 이주민에 대한 동화주의적 태도가 견지되기도 했다.

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 이혜연, "특별지원청소년을 위한 멘토링 프로그램 운영지침서 개발연구"

2 김인, "초등학교 다문화교육의 현황 및 지향점" 한국초등교육학회 22 (22): 23-42, 2009

3 은지용, "청소년 다문화 학습 프로그램 모형 개발 연구" 한국청소년학회 14 (14): 217-241, 2007

4 양영자, "분단-다문화시대 교육 이념으로서의 민족주의와 다문화주의의 양립가능성 모색" 한국교육과정학회 25 (25): 23-48, 2007

5 박경민, "대학생 멘토링 프로그램 사례연구" 7 : 159-183, 2008

6 조혜영, "다문화가정 자녀의 학업수행에 관한 문화기술적 연구" 한국교육사회학회 18 (18): 105-134, 2008

7 정하성, "다문화 청소년이해론" 양서원 2007

8 문미숙, "다문화 연구학교 교육과정 재구성 실태 분석" 한국초등교육학회 22 (22): 363-386, 2009

9 Keller,T.E, "Youth mentoring: Theoretical and methodological issues in The Blackwell handbook of mentoring" Blackwell 2007

10 Rhodes,J.E., "Volunteer mentoring relationships with minority youth: An analysis of same-versus cross-race matches" 32 (32): 2114-2133, 2002

11 Skrbis,Z, "Transnational families: Theorising migration, emotions and belonging" 29 (29): 231-246, 2008

12 Colley,H, "The myth of mentor as a double regime of truth: Producing docility and devotion in engagement mentoring with "disaffected" youth in Discourse, power and resistance: Challenging the rhetoric of contemporary education" Trentham Books 2003

13 Freedman,M, "The kindness of strangers: Adult mentors, urban youth, and the new voluntarism" Jossey-Bass 1993

14 Glaser, B. G, "The discovery of grounded theory: strategies for qualitative research"

15 Haring,M.J, "The case for a conceptual base for minority mentoring programs" 74 (74): 5-14, 1999

16 Dyer,R, "The Matter of images: Essays on representation (second edition)" Routledge 2002

17 Rhodes,J.E, "Stand by me: The risks and rewards of mentoring today's youth" Harvard University Press 2002

18 Harris,A, "Shifting the boundaries of cultural spaces: young people and everyday multiculturalism" 15 (15): 187-205, 2009

19 Perry,P, "Shades of white: White kids and racial identities in high school" Duke University Press 2002

20 Sanchez, B, "Race, ethnicity, and culture in mentoring relationships in Handbook of youth mentoring" Sage 2005

21 Lippmann,W, "Public opinion" Macmillan 1956

22 McMahan, K, "On the bridge: A cross-cultural mentoring model for higher education in Global perspectives on mentoring: Transforming contexts, communities, and cultures" Information Age Publishing 2003

23 Apple,M, "Official knowledge: Democratic education in a conservative age (2nd edition)" Routledge 2000

24 Wise,A, "Multiculturalism from below: Transversal crossings and working class cosmopolitans" 2007

25 Colley,H, "Learning experiences of adults mentoring socially excluded young people: Issues of power and gender, Paper presented to the joint conference of the Adult Education Research Conference and the Canadian Association for the Study of Adult Education" University of Victoria

26 Du Bois, D. L, "Handbook of youth mentoring" Sage 2005

27 Herman, L, "From teaching to mentoring in adult education: Principles and practice, dialogue and life in adult education"

28 Du Bois, D. L, "Effectiveness of mentoring programs for youth: A meta-analytic review" 30 (30): 157-197, 2002

29 Liang, B, "Diversity and youth mentoring relationships in The Blackwell handbook of mentoring" Blackwell 2007

30 Appadurai,A, "Disjuncture and difference in the global culture economy" 7 (7): 295-310, 1990

31 Hamilton,S.F, "Community contexts for mentoring" 34 : 727-746, 2006

32 Kincheloe, J. L, "Changing multiculturalism" Routledge 1997

33 Strauss, A, "Basics of qualitative research, Newbury Park" Sage 1990

34 Firestone,W.A, "Alternative arguments for generalizing from data as applied to qualitative research" 22 (22): 16-23, 1993

35 Claes, "Adolescents' relationships with members of the extended family and non-related adults in four countries: Canada, France, Belgium, and Italy" 9 : 207-225, 2001

36 교육과학기술부, "2009년 다문화가정 학생 교육 지원 계획’ 보도자료"

37 행정안전부, "2008년 지방자치단체 외국인주민 실태조사 결과" 행정안전부

38 Spencer,R, ""It's not what I expected": A qualitative study of youth mentoring relationship failures" 22 (22): 331-354, 2007