Social trends 30 . 2000

목차 (Table of Contents)

• CONTENTS
• Foreword = 13
• Introduction = 14
• Article : A Hundred Years of social Change
• Chart A.1 Gross domestic product per head at factor cost = 15
• Chart A.2 Percentage of manual workers = 16
• Chart A.3 Total period fertility rate = 17
• 1 Population
• Chart1.1 Births and deaths(1.12) = 21
• Population change
• Table 1.2 Population of the United Kingdom(1.2) = 22
• Table 1.3 Population change(1.3) = 22
• Table 1.4 Babies' most popular first names(-) = 23
• Table 1.5 Deaths : by gender and age(1.13) = 24
• Population profile
• Table 1.6 Population : by gender and age(-) = 24
• Chart 1.7 Population aged 100 and over(-) = 25
• Table 1.8 Population : by ethnic group and age, 1998-99(-) = 25
• Chart 1.9 Population of working age : by gender and social class, Spring 1999(1.10) = 26
• Geographical distribution
• Chart 1.10 Population density : by area, 1891 and 1991(-) = 26
• Table 1.11 Population of metropolitan counties(-) = 27
• Chart 1.12 Percentage of people over state pension age : by area, 1998(-) = 28
• Migration
• Table 1.13 Net internal migration : by age of migrants and region, 1998(-) = 28
• Table 1.14 UK nationals living in other EU states, and nationals of other EU states living in the United Kingdom, 1997 C) = 29
• Table 1.15 Acceptances for settlement : by region of origin(1.16) = 29
• Table 1.16 Asylum applications : by region of origin(-) = 30
• International perspective
• Table 1.17 Components of EU population change(-) = 30
• Table 1.18 World population(1.19) = 31
• Table 1.19 Demographic indicators of countries on the Greenwich Meridian Line(-) = 31
• 2 Households and Families
• Chart 2.1 Population and private households(-) = 33
• Households and families
• Table 2.2 Households : by type of household and family(2.3) = 34
• Table 2.3 People in private households : by type of household and family in which they live(2.4) = 35
• Table 2.4 Ethnic group of head of household : by type of household. Spring 1999(-) = 36
• Table 2.5 Families headed by Ione parents as a percentage of all families with dependent children : by marital status(-) = 37
• Partnerships
• Chart 2.6 Marriages and divorces(2.1) = 37
• Table 2.7 Marriages : by type of ceremony(2.14) = 38
• Table 2.8 Women separated within five years of first marriage : by year of, and age at, marriage, 1998-99 (-) = 39
• Chart 2.9 Decrees awarded : by fact proven, 1997(-) = 39
• Table 2.10 Percentage of non-married people cohabiting : by age and gender, 1998-99(-) = 40
• Table 2.11 Number of sexual partners in the previous year : by gender and age, 1998(-) = 40
• Table 2.12 Attitudes towards sexual relations, 1998(-) = 41
• Family formation
• Table 2.13 Fertility rates : by age of mother at childbirth(2.17) = 42
• Chart 2.14 Conception rates of young women(-) = 42
• Chart 2.15 Live births to teenage women : EU comparison, 1995(-) = 43
• Chart 2.16 Births outside marriage as a percentage of all live births(2.18) = 43
• Chart 2.17 Abortion rates : by age(-) = 44
• Chart 2.18 Percentage of women childless at age 25, 35 and 45 : by year of birth(2.22) = 44
• Table 2.19 Contraception : by method used(2.21) = 45
• Chart 2.20 Children adopted(-) = 45
• Family relationships
• Table 2.21 Percentage of dependent children living in different family types(2.5) = 46
• Table 2.22 Children in families of couples divorced : by age of child(2.16) = 46
• Table 2.23 Adults living with their parents : by gender and age(2.10) = 47
• Table 2.24 Contact with relatives and friends, 1986 and 1995(2.9) = 47
• 3 Education and Training
• Chart 3.1 Pupils in primary and secondary schools(-) = 49
• Schools. pupils and staffing
• Table 3.2 School pupils : by type of school(3.2) = 50
• Chart 3.3 Children under five in schools as a percentage of all children aged three and four(3.3) = 51
• Table 3.4 Class sizes in primary schools at key stage 1 : by region, 1995／96 and 1998／99(3.6) = 51
• Table 3.5 Permanent exclusion rates : by ethnic group, January 1998(-) = 52
• Chart 3.6 Students with a special educational need statement in maintained schools : by type of school, January 1999(-) = 52
• Table 3.7 Computers in schools : by type of school, 1997／98 and 1998／99(-) = 53
• Chart 3.8 Full-time primary and secondary school teachers : by gender(-) = 53
• Table 3.9 Enrolments on teacher training courses : by type of subject and course 1998／99(-) = 54
• Post-compulsory education
• Table 3.10 Young people in education and training : by gender and age(3.10) = 54
• Chart 3.11 Full-time participation rates by 18 year olds in secondary education : EU comparison, 1996(-) = 55
• Table 3.12 Students in further and higher education : by type of course and gender(3.11 ) = 56
• Table 3 13 participation rates in higher education : by social class(3.13) = 56
• Table 3.14 Enrolments on adult education courses : by age, type of course and gender.November 1998(3.15) = 57
• Table 3.15 pupils reaching or exceeding expected standards : by key stage and gender 1999(3.16) = 57
• Table 3.16 Examination achievements of pupils In schools : by gender and ethanol origin 1998(-) = 58
• Chart 3.17 Achievement at GCE A level or equivalent : by gender(3.1 ) = 58
• Table 3.18 Examination achievements of pupils in schools : by region and gender, 1997／98(3.18) = 59
• Table 3.19 Document literacy level of adults : by gender and age, 1996(-) = 59
• Chart 3.20 Economically active adults qualified to at least NVQ level 3 or above. Spring 1999(-) = 60
• Table 3.21 National Learning Targets(3.21) = 60
• Training
• Table 3.22 Work based training for young people : by type training(-) = 61
• Chart 3.23 Leavers from work-based training that were in a job within six month of leaving training(-) = 61
• Table 3.24 Employees receiving job-related training : by occupation and method of training, Spring 1999(3.24) = 62
• Resources
• Table 3.25 Government expenditure on education in real term : by type(3.25) = 62
• Chart 3.26 Attitudes towards highest priority for extra government spending on education, 1998(-) = 63
• Table 3.27 Students taking out student loans(-) = 63
• 4 Labour Market
• Chart 4.1 Workforce : by selected industry(-) = 65
• Overview
• Table 4.2 Population of working age : by employment status and gender, Spring 1999(4.2) = 66
• Economic activity
• Table 4.3 Labour force : by gender and age(4.3) = 67
• Chart 4.4 Economic activity rates : by gender(-) = 67
• Table 4.5 Economic activity status of women : by marital status and age of youngest dependent child, Spring 1999(4.4) = 68
• Chart 4.6 Couples with dependent children : by number of earners(-) = 68
• Table 4.7 Economic activity status of disabled people : by gender, Spring 1999(4.5) = 69
• Table 4.8 Economic activity rates : by ethnic group, gender and age, 1998-99(4.7) = 69
• Table 4.9 Reasons for economic Inactivity : by gender, Spring 1999(4.8) = 70
• Type of employment
• Chart 4.10 Full and part-time employment : by gender(4.9) = 70
• Table 4.11 Women aged 30 in employment : by birth cohort, 1993(-) = 71
• Chart 4.12 Employment rates : by area, Spring 1999(.) = 71
• Table 4.13 Employees : by gender and occupation, 1991 and 1999(4.14) = 72
• Table 4.14 Self-employment : by gender and industry, Spring 1999(4.16) = 72
• Chart 4.15 Self-employment : by ethnic group, 1998-99(-) = 73
• Chart 4.16 Temporary employees : by gender(.) = 73
• Table 4.17 Employees with flexible working patterns : by gender, Spring 1999(-) = 74
• Time at work
• Table 4.18 Average hours usually worked per week by full-time employees : by gender, EU comparison, 1998(-) = 74
• Table 4.19 Employees absent from work owing to sickness or injury : by gender and age(-) = 75
• Unemployment
• Chart 4.20 Unemployment : by gender(4.17) = 75
• Table 4.21 Unemployment rates : by gender and age(4.20) = 76
• Chart 4.22 People unemployed for two years or more : by gender(-) = 76
• Chart 4.23 New claims for unemployment benefit : by number of previous claims and gender； 1999(4.19) = 77
• Table 4.24 Destination of leavers from the claimant count : by gender and age, 1998-1999(-) = 77
• Chart 4.25 Unemployment rates : by area, Spring 1999(4.23) = 78
• The working environment
• Chart 4.26 Labour disputes : working days lost(4.24) = 78
• Table 4.27 Trade union membership of employees : by occupation and gender, 1992 and 1998(4.25) = 79
• 5 Income and Wealth
• Chart 5.1 Distribution of real household disposable income(5.16) = 81
• Household income
• Chart 5.2 Real household disposable income per head and gross domestic product per head(5.1) = 82
• Table 5.3 Composition of household income(5.2) = 82
• Table 5.4 Sources of gross household income : by household type, 1997-98(-) = 83
• Table 5.5 Sources of disposable income : EU comparison, 1994(-) = 84
• Chart 5.6 Mean individual income : by gender and age, 1996-97() = 84
• Earnings
• Chart 5.7 Average earnings index and retail prices index(-) = 85
• Table 5.8 Employees' expectations regarding their own pay in the year ahead(-) = 86
• Chart 5.9 Average gross weekly earnings : by area, April 1999(5.4) = 86
• Table 5.10 Composition of weekly pay of employees : by gender and type of work. April 1998(-) = 87
• Table 5.11 Distribution of hourly earnings : by industry, Spring 1999(-) = 87
• Chart 5.12 Weekly earnings gender differential(-) = 88
• Taxes
• Table 5.13 Income tax payable : by annual income, 1999-00(5.13) = 88
• Table 5.14 Percentage of earnings paid in income tax and national insurance contributions : by marital status and level of earnings(-) = 89
• Table 5.15 Local taxes : by region, 1997-98(-) = 90
• Income distribution
• Table 5.16 Distribution of equivalised disposable income : by economic status of family, 1997-98(-) = 90
• Table 5.17 Adults moving within the income distribution between 1991 and 1997(5.21) = 91
• Table 5.18 Redistribution of income through taxes and benefits, 1997-98(5.20) = 92
• Low incomes
• Chart 5.19 Percentage of people whose income is below various fractions of median income(-) = 93
• Table 5.20 People in households below 60 per cent median income : by economic status and ethnic group, 1996-1998(-) = 94
• Table 5.21 Events associated with the beginning of a spell of low income : by household type in first year of the spell, 1991-1996(-) = 94
• Chart 5.22 Percentage of people with incomes below 60 per cent of the median : EU comparison, 1994(-) = 95
• Table 5.23 Long term recipients of income support and Jobseeker's allowance(-) = 95
• Wealth
• Table 5.24 Composition of the net wealth of the household sector(5.24) = 96
• Table 5.25 Distribution of wealth(5.25) = 97
• Table 5.26 Household savings : by household type and amount, 1997-98(-) = 97
• Table 5.27 Adults holding selected forms of wealth : by gender and age, 1997-98(-) = 98
• National income and expenditure
• Chart 5.28 Annual growth in gross domestic product(5.29) = 98
• Table 5.29 Gross domestic product per head at factor cost : by region(5.31) = 99
• Table 5.30 Gross domestic product per head : EU comparison, 1991 and 1997(5.30) = 99
• Chart 5.31 General government expenditure as a percentage of gross domestic product(6.21 ) = 100
• Table 5.32 Expenditure of general government in real terms : by function(6.22) = 100
• Table 5.33 European Union expenditure : by sector(-) = 101
• Chart 5.34 Official development assistance to developing countries as a percentage of donor country gross national product : G7 comparison, 1988(-) = 101
• 6 Expenditure
• Chart 6.1 Household expenditure at constant prices(6.2) = 103
• Household and personal expenditure
• Chart 6.2 Volume of retail sales(6.11) = 104
• Chart 6.3 Consumers' expenditure on air travel, alcohol and fuel and power(-) = 105
• Table 6.4 Expenditure on domestic services at constant prices(-) = 105
• Chart 6.5 Household expenditure on holidays and home entertainment equipment(-) = 106
• Chart 6.6 Expenditure on food eaten out : by region, 1998(-) = 107
• Table 6.7 Household expenditure : by income grouping, 1997-98(6.6) = 107
• Table 6.8 Household expenditure : by economic activity status of head of household. 1998-99(-) = 108
• Table 6.9 Expenditure of working age couple households with children and without children : by type of household, 1998-99(-) = 108
• Table 6.10 Household expenditure : by ethnic group of head of household, 1997-1999(6.9) = 109
• Prices
• Chart 6.11 Retail prices index(6.1) = 109
• Table 6.12 Retail prices index : rates of change(6.12) = 110
• Chart 6.13 Relative price levels : EU comparison, 1997(6.13) = 111
• Transactions and credit
• Table 6.14 Plastic card transactions(-) = 111
• Chart 6.15 Net borrowing by consumers in real terms(6.17) = 112
• Table 6.16 Composition of consumer credit in real terms(6.18) = 112
• Table 6.17 Individual bankruptcies : by occupation(-) = 113
• Table 6.18 Retail businesses : by size of turnover, 1998(-) = 113
• 7 Health
• Chart 7.1 Incidence of malignant melanoma of the skin : by gender(-) = 115
• Causes of death
• Chart 7.2 Mortality : by gender and major cause(-) = 116
• Table 7.3 Infant mortality : by social class(7.2) = 116
• Table 7.4 Expectation of life at selected ages : by gender(-) = 117
• Chart 7.5 Premature deaths from circulatory diseases : EU comparison, 1995(7.27) = 118
• Table 7.6 Accidental death rates : by gender and age(-) = 118
• Table 7.7 Suicide rates : by gender and age(-) = 119
• Chart 7.8 Self-reported limiting longstanding illness : by gender(-) = 120
• Table 7.9 Self-reported health problems : by gender and age, 1996-97(7.3) = 120
• Chart 7.10 Standardised incidence rates of selected cancers : by gender(7.5) = 121
• Chart 7.11 Young people with doctor-diagnosed asthma : by age, 1995-1997(-) = 121
• Table 7.12 Ten most common symptoms on which advice is sought from NHS Direct. 1999(-) = 122
• Table 7.13 Adults experiencing back pain : by age and total time suffered in previous 12 months, 1998(-) = 122
• Diet and lifestyle
• Table 7.14 Blood pressure level : by gender and age, 1997(-) = 123
• Table 7.15 Body mass : by gender and age, 1997(-) = 123
• Chart 7.16 Changing patterns in the consumption of foods at home(7.19) = 124
• Table 7.17 Changes to diet in last year, 1997(-) = 124
• Table 7.18 Current smokers : by gender and socio-economic group(-) = 125
• Table 7.19 Percentage of adults consuming over selected weekly limits of alcohol : by gender and age(7.16) = 125
• Table 7.20 Physical activity : by gender and age, 1998(7.18) = 126
• Table 7.21 Percentage of 16 to 24 year olds who have used drugs in the past year. 1998(-) = 126
• Prevention
• Table 7.22 Immunisation of children by their second birthday(7.21) = 127
• Table 7.23 Average number and condition of teeth among adults with natural teeth : by age, 1998(-) = 127
• Table 7.24 Percentage of target population screened for cervical cancer in the previous five years : by age and country, 31 March 1998(-) = 128
• Table 7.25 Breast cancer screening : by region(-) = 128
• Table 7.26 Occasions on which people use suncream : by gender, 1996 and 1998(-) = 129
• 8 Social Protection
• Chart 8.1 Places in residential care homes for elderly people : by type of care home(8.19) = 131
• Overview
• Chart 8.2 Expenditure on social protection benefits in real terms : by function, 1993-94 and 1997-98(8.2) = 132
• Chart 8.3 Expenditure on social protection benefits per head : EU comparison, 1996(8.3) = 133
• Chart 8.4 Social security benefit expenditure : by recipient group, 1998-99(8.4) = 134
• Table 8.5 Receipt of selected social security benefits : by family type, 1997-98(8.5) = 134
• Table 8.6 Attitudes towards extra spending on social benefits : by age, 1998(-) = 135
• Chart 8.7 Real growth in social security benefits and National Health Service expenditure(8.7) = 136
• Table 8.8 Outcomes of calls to NHS Direct, April to June 1999(-) = 136
• Chart 8.9 Sight tests : by age and provider, 1997-98(-) = 137
• Table 8.10 National Health Service hospital waiting lists : by region, 1999(8.9) = 137
• Table 8.11 Households covered by private medical insurance : by socio-economic group of the head of household, 1998-99(8.8) = 138
• Chart 8.12 Reasons volunteers gave for volunteering, 1997(-) = 138
• Table 8.13 Health and personal social services staff(-) = 139
• Sick and disabled people
• Table 8.14 National Health Service activity for sick and disabled people : in-patients(8.11) = 140
• Table 8.15 National Health Service activity for sick and disabled people : accident and emergency, and acute out-patients and day cases(8.12) = 140
• Table 8.16 NHS outpatient, community and day care contacts for people with a mental illness(-) = 141
• Table 8.17 Recipients of benefits for sick and disabled people(8.17) = 141
• Elderly people
• Table 8.18 Home care, day care and meal provision for elderly people : by age(-) = 142
• Table 8.19 Recipients of selected benefits for elderly people(8.21) = 142
• Table 8.20 Percentage of families with income from pensions : by age of head, 1997-98(-) = 143
• Families
• Chart 8.21 Births : by place of delivery(-) = 143
• Table 8.22 Maternity services(8.22) = 144
• Table 8.23 Recipients of benefits for families(8.24) = 144
• Table 8.24 Day care places for children(8.25) = 145
• Chart 8.25 Children looked after by local authorities : by type of accommodation, 1994 and 1998(-) = 146
• Table 8.26 Children on child protection registers : by age(-) = 147
• 9 Crime and Justice
• Chart 9.1 Offenders as a percentage of the population : by gender and age, 1997.98(9.14) = 149
• Offences
• Table 9.2 Crimes committed : by outcome(9.2) = 150
• Chart 9.3 Notifiable offences recorded by the police(9.1) = 150
• Chart 9.4 Crime rates : by police force area, 1998-99(-) = 151
• Table 9.5 Notifiable offences recorded by the police : by type of offence(9.3) = 152
• Chart 9.6 Burglaries of domestic dwellings : by time of day, 1997(-) = 152
• Table 9.7 Percentages of selected offences in which firearms were reported to have been used(9.6) = 153
• Chart 9.8 Seizures of drugs(9.7) = 153
• Table 9.9 Motoring offences detected by automatic cameras : by type of action taken(-) = 154
• Victims
• Table 9.10 Proportion of households which were victims of crime : by type of crime and type of area, 1997(-) = 154
• Table 9.11 Concern about crime : by type of area, 1998(-) = 155
• Table 9.12 Incidence of domestic assault : by gender(-) = 155
• Offenders
• Table 9.13 Offenders found guilty of, or cautioned for, indictable offences : by gender, type of offence and age, 1998(9.13) = 156
• Chart 9.14 Time to reconviction : by gender(-) = 157
• Table 9.15 Clear-up rates for notifiable offences : by type of offence, 1998-99(9.16) = 157
• Police and courts action
• Table 9.16 Offenders cautioned for indictable offences : by type of offence(9.17) = 158
• Table 9.17 Offenders sentenced for indictable offences : by type of offence and type of sentence, 1997-98(9.18) = 158
• Table 9.18 Stops and searches made by the police : by reason(-) = 159
• Probation and prisons
• Chart 9.19 Prison population and accommodation(9.20) = 160
• Chart 9.20 Average sentence length at Crown Court : by gender(-) = 160
• Chart 9.21 Receptions under sentence into prison service establishments(-) = 161
• Table 9.22 People commencing criminal supervision orders(9.23) = 161
• Civil justice
• Chart 9.23 Claims issued at the county courts and High Court(9.24) = 162
• Table 9.24 Complaints against the police : by outcome(9.26) = 162
• Resources
• Table 9.25 Employment in the criminal justice system() = 163
• Table 9.26 Police officer strength : by rank and gender, at 31 March 1999(9.29) = 163
• 10 Housing
• Chart 10.1 House buildings completions : by sector(10.20) = 166
• Housebuilding and dwelling stock
• Table 10.2 Type of dwelling : by construction date, 1998-99(10.21) = 166
• Table 10.3 Housebuilding completions : by region(-) = 167
• Tenure
• Chart 10.4 Stock of dwellings : by tenure(10.1) = 167
• Chart 10.5 Owner-occupied dwellings : EU comparison, 1995(-) = 168
• Table 10.6 Socio-economic group of head of household : by tenure, 1998-99(-) = 168
• Table 10.7 Ethnic group of head of household : by tenure, 1998-99(10.6) = 169
• Table 10.8 Age of head of household : by tenure, 1998-99(10.4) = 169
• Table 10.9 Tenure : by type of accommodation, 1998.99(10.3) = 170
• Table 10.10 Household type : by type of dwelling, 1998.99(10.13) = 170
• Housing mobility
• Table 10.11 Tenure : by length of time at current address, 1998-99(10.9) = 171
• Table 10.12 Adults moving house each year : by tenure before and after move, 1991-1996(10.10) = 171
• Table 10.13 Tenure : by distance moved, 1998.99(-) = 172
• Table 10.14 Tenure : by main reason for moving, 1998.99(10.11) = 172
• Homelessness
• Chart 10.15 Households accepted as homeless by local authorities : by main reason for loss of last settled home, 1998-99(10.8) = 173
• Housing standards
• Table 10.16 Households lacking basic amenities(-) = 173
• Table 10.17 Homes with selected amenities : by construction date, 1996(.) = 174
• Chart 10.18 Poor housing : by tenure, 1996(-) = 174
• Table 10.19 Under-occupation and overcrowding : by type of household, 1998-99(-) = 175
• Table 10.20 Satisfaction with accommodation and area : by type of area, 1998-99(10.1 9) = 175
• Table 10.21 Problems with aspects of the area : by type of area, 1998-99(.) = 176
• Housing costs and expenditure
• Table 10.22 New mortgages : average mortgage repayments as a percentage of average household income(10.28) = 176
• Table 10.23 Average dwelling prices : by region, 1998(10.25) = 177
• Table 10.24 Average weekly household expenditure on housing costs : by tenure, 1998-99(10.24) = 177
• Chart 10.25 New mortgages : by gender of borrower(-) = 178
• Table 10.26 Attitudes towards value for money of renting privately.. by region, 1998-99(-) = 178
• Table 10.27 Households in arrears with mortgage or rent payments : by tenure, 1998-99(-) = 179
• Chart 10.28 Repossession of properties : warrants issued and executed(10.29) = 179
• 11 Environment
• Chart 11.1 Global and Central England temperature variations(-) = 181
• Environmental concern and conservation
• Table 11.2 personal actions taken 'on a regular basis' for environmental reasons : by age, 1996-97(-) = 182
• Table 11.3 Membership of selected environmental organisations(11.4) = 182
• Chart 11.4 Populations of wild birds(-) = 183
• Table 11.5 Protected areas, 1997(-) = 184
• Table 11.6 Complaints about noise received by Environmental Health Officers, 1981 and 1996-97(11.6) = 184
• Climate and atmosphere
• Chart 11.7 Total winter and summer rainfall(-) = 185
• Chart 11.8 Carbon dioxide emissions : by source(11.1) = 185
• Table 11.9 Emissions of carbon dioxide : EU comparison, 1990 and 1997(-) = 186
• Air quality
• Chart 11.10 Air pollutants : emissions of selected gases(11.8) = 186
• Water quality
• Table 11.11 River and canal quality : by region, 1998(11.10) = 187
• Table 11.12 Bathing waters complying with mandatory EU coliform standards : by coastal region, 1991 and 1999(-) = 188
• Recycling
• Table 11.13 Waste disposal : by region and method, 1997-98(-) = 188
• Table 11.14 Recycling of household material, 1997-98(-) = 189
• Land cover and use
• Chart 11.15 Land use(11.14) = 189
• Table 11.16 Agricultural land use(-) = 190
• Table 11.17 Forest health(-) = 190
• Natural resources
• Chart 11.18 Reservoir stocks(11.17) = 191
• Table 11.19 Household water consumption : by region(-) = 191
• Chart 11.20 North Sea fish stocks and stocks of North-East Atlantic mackerel(-) = 192
• Table 11.21 Oil and gas reserves, 1998(-) = 193
• Table 11.22 Electricity generation : by fuel used, EU comparison, 1997(11.20) = 193
• 12 Transport
• Chart 12.1 Passenger transport : by mode(-) = 195
• Overview
• Table 12.2 Journeys per person per year : by mode and journey purpose, 1996-1998(12.4) = 196
• Table 12.3 Distance travelled per person per year : by access to a car and main mode, 1996-1998(-) = 196
• Table 12.4 Children's journeys per person per year : by age and mode, 1996-1998(-) = 197
• Private transport
• Chart 12.5 Households with regular use of a car(12.7) = 197
• Chart 12.6 Percentage of adults with a full car driving licence : by gender and age, 1975-1976 and 1996-1998(-) = 198
• Table 12.7 Households with one or more cars : by type of area, 1996-1998(-) = 198
• Chart 12.8 Road traffic(12.1) = 199
• Table 12.9 Average daily flow of motor vehicles : by class of road(12.8) = 199
• Chart 12.10 Motorcycles currently licensed and new registrations(-) = 200
• Table 12.11 Distance travelled per person per year by bicycle : by age and gender, 1996-1998(-) = 200
• Chart 12.12 Bus travel(12.12) = 201
• Table 12.13 Local authorities with a concessionary fare scheme available : by type of scheme(-) = 201
• Table 12.14 Time taken to walk to nearest bus stop or rail station : by type of area, 1996-1998(-) = 202
• Table 12.15 Rail journeys : by operator(12.14) = 202
• Chart 12.16 Rail complaints : by category, 1998-99(-) = 203
• Chart 12.17 Domestic air passengers(-) = 203
• International travel
• Table 12.18 International travel : by mode(12.15) = 204
• Table 12.19 Passenger car arrivals at, and departures from, UK ports : by overseas country(-) = 204
• Safety
• Table 12.20 Road deaths : EU comparison, 1971 and 1998(12.19) = 205
• Table 12.21 Passenger death rates : by mode of transport(12.18) = 205
• Table 12.22 Casualties from road accidents involving illegal alcohol levels(-) = 206
• Costs of transport
• Table 12.23 Household expenditure per head on transport at constant prices(12.22) = 206
• Table 12.24 Car user's attitudes towards discouraging car use. 1998(-) = 207
• 13 Lifestyles and Social Participation
• Chart 13.1 Holidays taken by GB residents : by destination(13.1) = 209
• Overview
• Table 13.2 Households with selected consumer durables(-) = 210
• Home-based activities
• Table 13.3 Participation in home-based leisure activities : by gender(13.3) = 210
• Chart 13.4 Television viewing : by gender and age, 1998(-) = 211
• Chart 13.5 Subscription to satellite and cable television : by social class of head of household, 1998-99(13.5) = 212
• Table 13.6 Radio listening : by age and gender, 1998(-) = 212
• Chart 13.7 Sales of CDs, LPs, cassettes and singles(13.8) = 213
• Table 13.8 Reading of national daily newspapers : by gender(13.9) = 213
• Table 13.9 Reading of popular consumer magazines : by age, 1998-99(13.10) = 214
• Activities outside the home
• Table 13.10 Participation in the most popular sports, games and physical activities : by gender and age, 1996-97(-) = 214
• Table 13.11 Attendance at cultural events(13.14) = 215
• Chart 13.12 Cinema admissions(13.15) = 215
• Table 13.13 Day visits from home : by main activity and gender, 1998(-) = 216
• Table 13.14 Visits to the most popular tourist attractions(13.17) = 216
• Table 13.15 Holidays abroad : by destination(13.21) = 217
• Chart 13.16 Domestic holidays taken by Great Britain residents : by destination, 1998(13.20) = 217
• Chart 13.17 Percentage of households participating in the National Lottery : by social class of head of household, 1998-99(13.16) = 218
• Citizenship and social participation
• Table 13.18 Participation in voluntary activities in the last year by gender, 1998(-) = 218
• Table 13.19 Church Membership(13.23) = 219
• Table 13.20 Belief in God, 1998(-) = 219
• Chart 13.21 Parliamentary seats won at General Elections : by major political party(-) = 220
• Table 13.22 Participation in EU elections(-) = 220
• Geographical areas of the United Kingdom = 222
• Appendix : major surveys = 224
• Appendix : definitions and terms = 225
• Articles published in previous editions = 238
• Index = 239