조선후기 訓鍊大將의 성격과 정치적 위상 = Commanders of the Military Training Directorate and Their Political Status During the Late Joseon Period

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This paper examines the family background and official career of commanders of the Military Training Directorate, officials of rank 2B, and clarifies their political status. First of all, which examination they took is investigated. To be specific, whether they took a civil examina-tion or a military one is ascertained. Most commanders turn out to have been from among the military examination passers from the early Joseon period. However, during the reign of King Sukjong, one of the civil examination passers also was appointed as commander. Moreover, in the first half of the 19th century, it happened for the first and the last time that the number of civil examination passers who became commander, became higher than its counterpart. All of them were of royal in-law families and thus this period is called the era of in-law government. Secondly, each commander’s family background is investigated. Whether he was of a certain powerful clan is discovered. Most commanders emerged from among the Neungseong Gu clan or among the Pyeongsan Sin clan. Both of them were powerful military clans. Thirdly, each commander’s term of office and official career are analyzed. Most of the commanders served for two years or more, but certain ones served for more than five years. During the 17th century it seems that they enjoyed long terms of office because of their personal relationship with the kings. However, their term became shorter during the 18th century because they were frequently replaced by different kings, such as Yeongjo and Jeongjo, who got involved in military per-sonnel matters. When the commander finished his term, it was usual for him to be promoted to the minister of military affairs. This indicates the commander of the Military Training Directorate held the highest sta-tus among the commanders of the Five Army Garrisons.