This thesis examines the tapestry practice of Park Rehyun (1920–1976) produced during the 1960s and 1970s, with a focus on the formative meanings generated through the act of weaving and the medium of textile. Although Park has long been identified ...
This thesis examines the tapestry practice of Park Rehyun (1920–1976) produced during the 1960s and 1970s, with a focus on the formative meanings generated through the act of weaving and the medium of textile. Although Park has long been identified primarily as an oriental painting artist, she studied printmaking while residing in New York from the mid-1960s into the 1970s and, slightly earlier, began producing handwoven tapestry works. These tapestries have largely been understood as a secondary shift of medium or as an engagement with a genre traditionally associated with women, resulting in a lack of sustained critical analysis. This neglect stems both from research conventions that privilege her paintings within traditional painting discourse and from broader conditions in Korean art history that have failed to accord significance to textile-based practices undertaken by women artists.
Against the backdrop of recent scholarly and curatorial efforts in Korea to reassess women artists’ textile works—most notably through exhibitions and studies on embroidery—this thesis turns its attention to the act of weaving, a field that has received comparatively little academic scrutiny. Reconsidering Park Rehyun’s tapestries from a feminist perspective, the study repositions weaving and textile as artistic practices after painting and challenges the marginal status historically assigned to these media. In doing so, it seeks to uncover forms of meaning embedded in textile practices that have remained largely unaccounted for within male-centered artistic discourses and methodologies.
Korean art-historical narratives of the 1960s and 1970s have largely centered on postwar experimental art and the construction of modernism through monochrome painting. In contrast, textile practices—where many women artists were active, particularly in embroidery—were associated with craft, domestic labor, and traditional femininity, and consequently framed as pre-modern rather than recognized as a contemporary artistic practice. As a result, textile art was largely excluded from scholarly evaluation, and even within feminist art discourse that gained momentum in the 1980s, earlier textile practices were often interpreted as “modest” or limited forms of feminism, reinforcing perceptions of their critical insufficiency. Rather than attempting to detach fabric from these associations, this thesis focuses on weaving as an act, structure, and operative principle, identifying a mode of artistic practice distinct from painting-based production.
Art-historical evaluations of Park Rehyun have frequently framed her as a compliant and domestically oriented figure, due to her visually restrained style and stable position within institutional art circles. Her indirect and difficult-to-verbalize formal strategies have at times been interpreted as a lack of engagement with women’s lived realities. Moreover, prior studies have tended to situate her work within narratives of modernizing oriental painting, emphasizing stylistic affinities with Western movements such as Cubism and Art Informel. In contrast to her male contemporaries, including her husband Kim Ki-chang, such readings have reinforced characterizations of her work as “decorative,” “sensory,” or expressive of “feminine sensitivity,” thereby limiting the significance of her formal experimentation.
This thesis reexamines the interpretive terms repeatedly mobilized in these assessments, focusing in particular on the line as a central formal element in Park’s work. It argues that for Park, the line functioned not as a representational structure but as an experimental site through which the gestural conventions of traditional painting were appropriated and transformed. By foregrounding the line—whose significance was diminished within conventional painting norms—the study proposes that weaving enabled its recognition as an artistic act irreducible to male-centered modes of production. Drawing on Adriana Cavarero’s philosophy of vocal expression and polyphonic voices, the thesis understands Park’s tapestry practice not as a simple change of medium but as a shift toward textile thinking: an exploration of an interdependent, non-hierarchical formal language fundamentally distinct from painting.