학습관리시스템의 대시보드 설계를 위한 학습자 중심 요구분석: 분석과 설계 도구로서 활동이론의 적용 = Need Analysis for Learning Analytics Dashboard in LMS: Applying Activity Theory as an Analytic and design Tool

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Learning Management System (LMS) supports instructors’ teaching, extended communication among students, students’ collaborative learning and project based learning. The log files that students leave in LMS not only explain their online learning patterns but also enable to provide a useful treatment and learning guidance to students. Use of big data such as the log files, technic of educational data mining (EDM) and provision of appropriate treatment in the learning analytics approach have been attractively recognized among researchers and practitioners who connect them with smart learning. In this study, in order to design and develop a visualized dashboard based on the learning analytics, we investigated how students in a large university use LMS in their cyber campus and how they perceive the needs of learning analytics dashboard. We selected eight students who are enrolled in a university and conducted individual interviews with them. In analyzing their interview results, we utilized the framework of activity theory. The gist of this study is to view students (subjects)’ perceptions regarding the use of cyber campus, specifically Moodle LMS (tool) and their needs regarding learning analytics dashboard throughout the lens of activity theory. Activity theory contributed to this study by allowing us to understand the relations among main components (subject, objects, community) and their mediated components (tools, rules, and division of labor). Final discussion includes how the analysis of contradictions occurred between or within components of activity system suggest the design implications of learning analytics dashboard.