Groundwater quality : 17th special report

목차 (Table of Contents)

• CONTENTS
• List of contributors = xi
• Foreword = xiii
• Preface = xv
• Introduction : Groundwater for development - an overview of quality constraints / S.S.D. Foster = 1
• General situation = 1
• Naturally occurring quality problems = 1
• Saline intrusion in inadequately managed aquifers = 1
• Anthropogenic pollution = 2
• General conclusions = 3
• PART ONE Groundwater Chemistry and Development / W.M. Edmunds = 5
• 1 The hydrogeochemistry of alluvial aquifers in central Bangladesh J. Davies = 9
• Abstract = 9
• Introduction = 9
• Geomorphological setting = 10
• Hydrogeology = 10
• Hydrochemistry = 11
• Results = 12
• Discussion = 13
• Conclusions = 15
• Acknowledgment = 17
• References = 17
• 2 Characterization of groundwaters in semi-arid and arid zones using minor elemets / W.M Edmunds = 19
• Abstract = 19
• Introduction = 19
• Limitations of major ions in hydrogeological studies = 20
• Minor elements and their significance = 20
• Hydrogeological and isotopic framework - Libya and Sudan = 20
• Minor elements and their analysis and interpretation = 22
• Conclusions = 29
• Acknowledgment = 30
• References = 30
• 3 Groundwater quality in rural Uganda : hydrochemical considerations for the development of aquifers within the basement complex of Africa / R.G. Taylor ; K.W.F. Howard = 31
• Abstract = 31
• Introduction = 31
• Sstudy areas = 32
• Analytical method = 34
• Results = 36
• Discussion = 38
• Conclusions = 43
• Acknowledgment = 43
• References = 43
• 4 Controls on the occurrence of fluoride in groundwater in the Rift Valley of Ethiopia / R.P. Ashely ; M.J. Burley = 45
• Abstract = 45
• Introduction = 45
• The sites = 45
• Investigation methods = 48
• Results = 49
• Discussion = 51
• Conclusions = 53
• Acknowledgment = 54
• References = 54
• 5 Low-cost groundwater quality investigation methods - an example from the Bolivian Altiplano / P. L. Younger = 55
• Abstract = 55
• Introduction = 55
• Previous hydrogeological work in the Bolivian Altiplano = 56
• Groundwater development in Provincia Villarroel = 56
• Low-cost hydrochemical analysis methods = 58
• Field practics = 59
• Results = 60
• Data quality = 61
• Data interpretation for Villarroel = 62
• Conclusions = 64
• Acknowledgment = 65
• References = 65
• PART TWO Groundwater and Salinity / J.W. Lloyd = 67
• Introduction = 67
• Natural salinity environments = 67
• Anthropogenic salinity environments = 68
• Study and management = 68
• Conclusions = 69
• 6 Mixing phenomena due to a sea-water intrusion in the limestone Zarakas Mountain Range / C. Tavitian = 71
• Abstract = 71
• Introduction = 71
• Water use in the area = 72
• Stratigraphy = 72
• Tectonics = 74
• Geomorphology = 74
• Hydrology = 77
• Hydorgeology = 77
• Hydrochemistry = 81
• Conclusions = 82
• References = 85
• 7 Hydrogeologic implications of a cyclonic rainfall event in central Oman / P.G. Macumber ; Barghash bin Ghalib Al-Said ; G.A. Kew ; T.B. Tennakoon = 87
• Abstract = 87
• Introduction = 87
• Hydrogeology = 88
• Cyclone O6-A = 90
• Conclusions = 95
• Acknowledgment = 97
• References = 97
• 8 The use of geophysical logging in understanding salinity distribution in alluvial aquifers : a case history from Oman / J.A. Heathcote = 99
• Abstract = 99
• Introduction = 99
• Geophysical logging = 100
• Conclusions = 103
• Recommendations = 103
• Acknowledgment = 103
• References = 104
• 9 Salinity and shallow wells : a view from the field / M. Woodhouse = 105
• Abstract = 105
• Introduction = 105
• Kibwezi water project = 106
• Well siting = 106
• Measuring well salinity = 106
• Acceptable levels of salinity = 107
• Mechanisms of salinization = 107
• Conclusions = 108
• References = 108
• PART THREE Impact Human Activity on Groundwater Quality in Rural Areas / C.F. Ward = 109
• 10 The impact of tropical agriculture on groundwater quality / P.J. chilton ; A.R. Lawrence ; M.E. Stuart = 113
• Abstract = 113
• Introduction = 113
• Nitrate = 115
• landuse and groundwater nitrate concentrations = 115
• Pesticides = 118
• Conclusions = 122
• References = 122
• 11 Groundwater quality in the Nile aquifer system and desert fringes in Egypt / Fatma Abdel Rahman Attia = 123
• Abstract = 123
• Introduction = 123
• Hydrogeological environment = 124
• Hydrogeology of the Nile aquifer system and desert fringes = 125
• Groundwater quality = 126
• Groundwater pollution = 127
• Groundwater Development = 128
• Conclusions = 128
• References = 128
• 12 Groundwater quality in the Nore River Basin in the southeast of Ireland / E.P. Daly ; L. Woods = 131
• Abstract = 131
• Introduction = 131
• Nore River Basin = 131
• Background = 132
• Geology = 133
• Hydrogeology = 133
• Hydrochemistry = 133
• Water quality investigations = 133
• Discussion = 135
• Conclusions = 137
• Acknowledgment = 137
• References = 137
• 13 Microbiological quality of groundwater supplies in rural Zambia / S.E Sutton = 139
• Abstract = 139
• Introduction = 139
• Source types = 140
• Comparative quality of different source types = 141
• Sanitary inspecting or laboratory testing? = 142
• Contamination by consumers = 142
• Improving water supplies with minimum intervention = 142
• Improving water sources with minimum intervention = 143
• Conclusions = 144
• References = 144
• 14 Nitrate contamination of groundwater in the Kutama and Sinthumule districts of Venda, South Africa / R.J. Connelly ; D. Taussig = 145
• Abstract = 145
• Introduction = 145
• Geopraphical setting = 145
• Resultss = 146
• Discussion = 150
• References = 151
• 15 A Rural Water Supplies Organiser for weathered crystalline basement aquifers / R. Herbert = 153
• Abstract = 153
• Introduction = 153
• Aim = 153
• Problems with past schemes = 155
• Solution = 155
• Technical aspects of basement aquifers = 155
• Scope and limitations of the Organiser = 155
• Reference to sources = 155
• PART FOUR Groundwater Quality in Urban Environments / J. Mather = 157
• 16 Groundwater quality and water supply in Lima, Peru / R. Rojas ; G. Howard ; J. Bartram = 159
• Introduction = 159
• Drinking-water quality = 159
• Lima's water supply = 160
• The Lima aquifer = 161
• Assessing drinking-water quality from groundwater sources = 161
• Contamination of Lima's groundwater = 162
• Sources of faecal contamination = 163
• Chemical contamination = 164
• Groundwater monitoring = 165
• Remedial actions = 165
• Household recontamination of drinking water = 166
• Summary of conclusions = 167
• References = 167
• 17 Natural groundwater quality and groundwater contamination in the Bandung Basin, Indonesia / W. Wagner ; Sukrisno = 169
• Abstract = 169
• Introduction = 169
• Natural groundwater quality = 170
• Groundwater contamination problems = 172
• Proposed groundwater protection measures = 173
• Acknowledgment = 174
• 18 Groundwater qualtiy under Copenhagen / L. M. Markussen ; H.-M.F. M$$\o$$ller = 175
• Abstract = 175
• Introduction = 175
• Investigation = 176
• Hydrogeology = 176
• Pollution = 181
• Remedial actions = 183
• Options for future aquifer management and water supply = 183
• 19 Chlorinated solvent pollution of an industrialized urban area : summary of findings an implications for groundwater protection and clean-up / D.N. Lerner = 185
• Abstract = 185
• Introduction = 185
• Geological and gydrogeological setting = 185
• Chlorinated hydrocarbon solvents in Coventry groundwater = 187
• Implication for groundwater clean-up = 188
• Implication for groundwater protection = 189
• Acknowledgment = 190
• References = 190
• 20 Preventing groundwater pollution from landfiled waste - is engineered containment an acceptable solution? / J.D. Mather = 191
• Abstract = 191
• Introduction = 191
• Historical trends = 192
• Landfill gas = 193
• Landfill leachate = 194
• The future = 195
• References = 195
• Place name index = 197
• Subject index = 199