This study’s purpose is to find helpful data and proposals for community environment planning in the urban development projects. This study tried to extract factors for a positive community environment, with relation to the physical characteristics ...
This study’s purpose is to find helpful data and proposals for community environment planning in the urban development projects. This study tried to extract factors for a positive community environment, with relation to the physical characteristics and residents’ satisfaction level.
Three cases for study in the Cheongju area witnessed rapid urbanization through continuous land development. The 3 residential development complexes studied herein are a residence-oriented complex, a residence-government mixed complex, both in Cheongju-city, and a residence-industry mixed-complex in suburban Cheongju.
The physical characteristics of the complexes in a literature study and field survey, comprised of location, developmental concept, land use, traffic, downtown access and community environment. In addition, questionnaires were answered by residents on socio-demographic property, housing characteristics, moving motive, housing choice, convenience using behavior, satisfaction and requirement on community environment, and amelioration priority which is a modified index of satisfaction and requirement.
The tools of analysis are frequency, percentage, cross tabulation, multiple discriminant analysis, one-way ANOVA, multiple regression analysis, and Categorical Regression Analysis using SPSS WIN 12.0 program.
1) The developmental concept of complexes maintained its initial identity. The residence-oriented complex, having wider residential space, had better downtown access and more convenient facilities for daily life. The residence-government mixed complex, constructed with an eco-friendly concept, had wider green and public service space and good downtown access but on the other hand, had less convenience facilities because of a short period from construction. The residence-industry mixed complex, located in sub-urbanity and conceding more land for industries, had poor access to downtown but had more convenient facilities for workers’ use.
2) The household characteristics varied with the location and developmental concept of the complexes. This means that the developer has to keep in mind, the designing stage and what sort of residents will be hosted in the complex; the location and development concept have to match with the household characteristics and moving motive.
3) The housing choice showed different interests in convenience facilities and education environment along with types of complexes. To the families with children attending school, the education environment was considered more important in smaller cities compared to metropolitan cities. A sufficient supply of schools and convenience facilities are essential in designing residential complex in such districts.
In the mixed residence complexes with government offices or industrial areas, the housing choices reflected more interest in investment value. It means that speculation preventing measures such as financial/taxation regulations are important for stable residing conditions.
4) The most frequently visited convenience facilities were shopping facilities, large or small, and banks, and activities were commonly done in the complex or adjacent area. This means it is recommended that the developer of the new complex locate convenience facilities in multi-core concentration types or street types rather than one-core concentration types.
5) The satisfaction of residents in the community environment correlates with the increasing convenience facilities after construction. It means that collateral construction of convenience facilities with residences should be forced by regulation in the development.
In the new outskirt complexes of smaller cities, dissatisfaction occurs more with public transportation rather than the road system, so that efficient public transportation systems, inner and neighboring areas, is requisite.
6) Even in the residence-oriented complex, the education environment does not entirely account for satisfaction level; the green environment is also second in priority after the education environment. The development density should be lower to supply more green space like parks. Such consideration on human-nature co-existence may enhance the satisfaction level.
In the residence-government mixed complex with an eco-friendly concept, a good natural environment does not entirely account for satisfaction level; education environment is also second in priority after the natural environment. The supply of sufficient schools may be fulfilled in the ways of reform of the education zone with neighboring existing residential areas.
In the outskirt residence-industry mixed complex of smaller cities, priority was placed more on the location and convenience; this explains the complex’s poor access to downtown. Such a complex, hence, should be planned in the way that convenience facilities are completely equipped and public transportation and traffic systems are adequately designed. Even though this type of complex, because of its distinction of the industrial area, cannot fully meet the general needs of the residential area, the developer has to put more importance on the convenience and service facilities for residents to feel comfortable and satisfactory.