Neither Monk Nor Layman : Comparative Analysis of Shinran and Wonhyo’s Popularized Buddhism

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

After the inception of Buddhism, followed a period of clericalism or religious elitism, after which the two great reformers bridged the divide between the monastic and lay, and made available Buddhism for all, establishing a new grassroots level of followers. This article will analyze these two exemplar reformers selected from the two contrasting traditions: On the basis of my comparative studies, Shinran and Wonhyo, I argue for a description of grassroots Buddhism as a “Buddhism for all”, not solely for monastics, for enlightenment and not world denying or otherworldly alone. By disregarding the Sitz im Leben (place in living), the context in everyday life of Buddhism, scholars risk succumbing to abstractions about the Buddhist ideal or misrepresentations of its practice. Thus any generalization based on textual sources or library research alone poses a serious problem for the earnest study of Buddhism.

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