인도 불교전통에서 붇다설화의 발전 -빨리(Pali)문헌에 나타난 사문유관(四門遊觀)을 중심으로 = The Development of Buddha Legend in Indian Buddhist Traditions -With special consideration of the Story of Four Encounters transmitted in Pali texts-

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The Story of Four Encounters, called 四門遊觀 or 四門出遊 in far eastern buddhist traditions, occupies an important position in Buddha legends as the direct motive of the Siddhartha`s renunciation. A trial to retrace the possible origin and transformation process of this narrative element is made with special attention to the text material written in Pali. Beginning with Anguttaranikaya I 145-146, where we can find a probable beginning point of the legend, some variant versions transmitted in the textual corpus of Theravada/Sthaviravada buddhist tradition are examined. In spite of strong modifications, much narrative elements or fixed forms of expressions are adopted in different versions. Exempt from the unacceptable assumption of a linear development, one can, on the other hand, observe a general direction of the development. The development of the Buddha legend shows the general tendency to present the historical Buddha in picture of ever more apotheosized, omnipotent and transcendant Being. This tendency reflects the general development of the buddhist thought in India in regard to the nature of the Buddha. It is observable not only in the text material, but also in artistic presentations or also in religious ceremonial practices. This tendency reaches the highest point, which emerges in Mahayana buddhist texts such as Lalitavistara with unimaginable literary exaggerations. Nevertheless one does not have to lose from his sight that this change in conceptions of Buddha implies immediately the change of buddhist world view. For the Buddha is not only the object of worship, but also the person who found and taught the way of the release on the basis of his own life. In this sense the basic structure and some important structural elements of the Buddha legend remain preserved, because the change and development of the Buddha legend must correspond, in principle, to the buddhist doctrine taught by (historical) Buddha himself.

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