근대 국제질서의 탄생: 19세기 지구적 변환론 = The Rise of Modern International Order: Buzan and Lawson’s Theory of the 19th Century Global Transformation

국문 초록 (Abstract)

오늘날 국제관계의 기원은 무엇이며, 그 동학과 과정을 어떻게 설명할 것인가? 이 글은 ‘유럽지역’의 국제정치의 탄생을 근대 국제질서의 기원으로 일반화하는 기존 연구들을 비판하며 ‘지구적’ 근대 국제정치의 탄생을 설명하고자 하였던, 부잔과 로슨의 19세기 지구적 변환론의 기여와 한계를 검토한다. 지구적 변환론은 근대의 기원에 대한 국제정치학계와 역사학계의 다양한 시각을 종합하여, 산업화와 합리적 국가건설 및 진보 이데올로기라는 세 가지의 주요한 역학이 결합 되어 19세기에 서구의 주도로 지구적 근대 국제질서가 탄생했다고 주장한다. 이는 기존의 베스트팔렌 기원론에 대한 가장 체계적인 대안적 시각으로서의 의미를 지닌다. 한편 학계의 논쟁 과정에서 지구적 변환론은 베버적 근대국가론의 영향으로 제국주의의 역할을 충분히 포착해내지 못했다는 역사사회학의 비판을 받기도 하였다. 이러한 한계에도 불구하고, 지구적 변환론은 근대 국제관계에 대한 새로운 역사적, 이론적 이해의 지평을 열었다는 종합적 평가가 가능할 것이다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

What are the origins of the modern international relations? What are the dynamics of the birth of modern international relations? How can the emergence of modern international order be explained? As a way of exploring these foundational questions of IR, this article examines Buzan and Lawson’s theory of the global transformation. Synthesizing various IR and historical researches on the rise of modernity, Buzan and Lawson argue that during the 19th century a global transformation, led by the West and involving a complex configuration of industrialization, rational state-building, and ideologies of progress, had ushered in modernity in international relations. This 19th century global transformation theory is the most systemic alternative to the traditional orthodoxy viewing the Westphalian treaty as the origin of modern international relations. On the one hand, Buzan and Lawson’s theory has been criticized by some historical sociologists for failing to fully appreciate the role of imperialism due to its premise of the Weberian modern state. This limitation notwithstanding, it is fair to say that Buzan and Lawson’s theory has broken new ground in the theorization and historicization of modern international relations.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• Ⅰ. 서론
• Ⅱ. 전통적 시각: 신현실주의 이론과 베스트팔렌 기원론
• Ⅲ. 19세기 지구적 변환론
• Ⅳ. 비판과 대안: 지구적 역사사회학
• Ⅴ. 결론
• 참고문헌

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