1. Introduction : Numerous studies have reported that reactive oxygen species (ROS) can cause cell injury, directly or indirectly, through the signal transduction system. ROS plays an important role in the pathophysiology of cerebral ischemia through ...
1. Introduction : Numerous studies have reported that reactive oxygen species (ROS) can cause cell injury, directly or indirectly, through the signal transduction system. ROS plays an important role in the pathophysiology of cerebral ischemia through apoptosis. The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade is activated in response to diverse external stimulation, ROS, ultraviolet light (UV), and growth factors. MAPK has been shown to be involved in cell differentiation, growth, and apoptosis. Apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (Ask1), a member of the mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase (MAPKKK) family, is widely distributed in various cells and is thought to be essential for cell differentiation and apoptosis. In addition, Ask1 has been reported to activate under the state of stress and induce apoptosis through the MAPK cascade, SEK1-JNK signal pathway (c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase), and MAPKK3/MAPKK6-p38 signal pathway. Several studies have indicated that the JNK signaling (MAPK) is involved in neuronal cell death after cerebral ischemia. However, the role of Ask1 (MAPKKK), which is an upstream signal transduction participant in the MAPK cascade, is not well understood in brain. In this study, I investigated the association between the temporal expression profile of Ask1 and apoptotic cell death in a murine model of transient focal cerebral ischemia. In addition, the effectiveness of Ask1 down-regulation in preventing ischemic cell death was evaluated.
2. Results & Prospect : In this study, I observed that the expression of Ask1 protein was involved in the ischemic neuronal cell death process caused by transient cerebral ischemia. RNA-silencing technique efficiently blocked the expression of Ask1 mRNA and protein expression. Consequently, phosphorylated Ask1 levels were decreased and there was a significant reduction in cerebral ischemic cell death. Therefore this study introduces the possibility that blocking Ask1 may be an effective therapeutic strategy for stroke.