Selected writings

목차 (Table of Contents)

• CONTENTS
• Preface / Linda R. Waugh = ⅸ
• PART ONE. CONTRIBUTIONS TO COMPARATIVE MYTHOLOGY
• Slavic Gods and Demons = 3
• Linguistic Evidence in Comparative Mythology = 12
• Ⅰ. State and Program of Comparative Mythology = 12
• Ⅱ. Russian Perun and his Slavic and Indo-European Kin = 16
• Ⅲ. The Slavic Velesi and his Indo-European Cognates = 24
• Ⅳ. Svarogi, and his Iranian Prototype. Slavic Gods of Iranian Background = 25
• Ⅴ. Slavic Gods and their Semantic Namesakes in the Indo-European World = 30
• The Slavic God Velesi and His Indo-European Cognates = 33
• Ⅰ. Russian Volost and Velesb = 33
• Ⅱ. Veles in South Slavic Toponymy and Czech Demonology = 36
• Ⅲ. The Vel-Family of Baltic Spirits = 37
• Ⅳ. Vedic Varwa = 39
• Ⅴ. The Root Wel-in Celtic Lore : The "People of Varuna", "The Son of Fel", and "The Grandson of Veles*" = 40
• Ⅵ. Velesb／Votoso-V$$\bar e$$linas-Varuna = 41
• Ⅶ. Vedib Varu$$\mathop n\limits_\cdot $$a, Avestan Ahura-Mazd$$\bar a$$, and Celtic Esus = 42
• Ⅷ. Velesb and Volosb as Compounds = 43
• Ⅸ. Gaulish Vellaunus = 43
• Ⅹ. Anatolian Wali$$\bar s$$- and Old Norse Ullr or Ullinn = 44
• XI. A Summarized Comparison of the Cognates = 44
• XII. Slavic $$V_blxvb$$ "Magician" and North Russian Jols "Devil" = 45
• XIII. Vedic Vala-Lithuanian V$$\dot e$$l$$\dot e$$-Czech Vele = 46
• XIV. Supreme Deities of the I.-E. Pantheon and their Degradation = 47
• Древнеармянский Вахагн в свеге сравнителъной мифологии = 49
• PART TWO. STUDIES IN LINGUISTICS AND PHILOLOGY, 1972-1982
• A. PHONOLOGICAL AND MORPHOLOGICAL STUDIES
• (with L. R. Waugh) An Instance of Interconnection between the Distinctive Features = 59
• Mutual Assimilation of Russian Voiced and Voiceless Con-sonants = 62
• The Primary Syntactic Split and Its Corollary = 66
• Spatial Relationships in Slavic Adjectives = 68
• Notes on the Declension of Pronouns in ContempOrary Russian = 73
• B. CRUCIAL QUESTIONS OF LINGUISTIC THEORY
• Verbal Communication = 81
• The Fundamental and Specific Characteristics of Human Language = 93
• Communication and Society = 98
• Language and Culture = 101
• Metalanguage as a Linguistic Problem = 113
• Mark and Feature = 122
• Structuralisme et Teleologie = 125
• On Aphasic Disorders from a Linguistic Angle = 128
• The Grammatical Buildup of Child Language = 141
• On the Linguistic Approach to the Problem of Consciousness and the Unconscious = 148
• Brain and Language : Cerebral Hemispheres and Linguistic Structure in Mutual Light = 163
• The Evasive Initial = 181
• C. TOWARDS A NOMOTHETIC SCIENCE OF LANGUAGE
• Glosses on the Medieval Insight into the Science of Language = 185
• A Glance at the Development of Semiotics = 199
• The World Response to Whitney's Principles of Linguistic Science = 219
• La premi$$\grave e$$re lettre de Ferdinand de Saussure $$\acute a$$ Antoine Meillet sur les anagrammes = 237
• A Few Remarks on Peirce, Pathfinder in the Science of Language = 248
• Einstein and the Science of Language = 254
• The Twentieth Century in European and American Linguistics : Movements and Continuity = 265
• Toward the History of the Moscow Linguistic Circle = 279
• Очередные задачи общей лингвистики = 283
• P$$\ddot e$$tr Bogatyr$$\ddot e$$v (29.Ⅰ.93-18.Ⅷ.71) : Expert in Transfiguration = 293
• По поводу книги Н. С. Трубецкого "Европа и человечество" = 305
• The Immediate Quests and Accomplishments of Comparative Linguistics = 314
• D. PHILOLOGICAL GLEANINGS
• When a Falcon has Molted = 321
• Goroun's Urn = 332
• The Etymology of Crib (E. Sl. Fungus, W. Sl. Boletus) = 336
• E. POETICS
• Andrew Marvell's Poem To His Coy Mistress = 341
• Der$$\check z$$avin's Last Poem and M. Halle's First Literary Essay = 349
• Игра в Аду у Пушкина и Хлебникова = 353
• From Aljagrov's Letters = 357
• Из комментария к стихам Маяковского "Товарищу Нетте - пароходу и человеку" = 362
• PART THREE. RETROSPECTIONS
• My Favorite Topics = 371
• On the Dialectics of Language = 377
• List of Illustrations = 379
• Index of Names = 380
• Index of Languages Discussed = 390
• Index of Subjects = 392
• Index of Mythological Names = 401
• Index of Mythological Motifs = 404
• Preface / Stephen Rudy = xiii
• PART ONE. THE SOUND SHAPE OF LANGUAGE / ROMAN JAKOBSON ; LINDA R.WAUGH
• ACKNOWLEDGMENTS = xix
• NOTE ON TRANSCRIPTION = xx
• PREFACE TO THE SECOND EDITION / Linda R. Waugh = 1
• Chapter One. Speech Sounds and Their Tasks = 7
• Ⅰ. Spoonerisms = 7
• Ⅱ. Sense Discrimination = 8
• Ⅲ. Homonymy = 9
• Ⅳ. Doublets = 12
• Ⅴ. Early Search = 13
• Ⅵ. Invariance and Relativity = 17
• Ⅶ. Quest for Oppositions = 22
• Ⅷ. Features and Phonemes = 29
• Ⅸ. Speech Sounds and the Brain = 32
• Ⅹ. Redundancy = 39
• XI. Configurative Features = 41
• XII. Stylistic Variations = 43
• XIII. Physiognomic Indices = 45
• XIV. The Distinctive Features in Relation to the Other Components of the Speech Sound = 46
• XV. The Identification of Distinctive Features = 53
• XVI. Sense Discrimination and Sense Determination = 57
• XVII. Autonomy and Integration = 59
• XVIII. Universals = 60
• XIX. Speech Perception = 64
• XX. Life and Language = 67
• XXL. Role of Learning = 73
• XXII. Speech and Visualized Language = 74
• XXIII. Multiformity and Conformism = 77
• XXIV. Inner Speech = 81
• Chapter Two. Quest for the Ultimate Constituents = 83
• Ⅰ.TotheMemoryofPierreDelattre = 83
• Ⅱ. Vowel ?Consonant = 87
• Ⅲ. Syllabicity = 89
• Ⅳ. Markedness = 92
• Ⅴ. Grave-Acute = 95
• Ⅵ. Production and Decoding = 98
• Ⅶ. Compact-Diffuse = 101
• Ⅷ. Sharpness and Flatness = 113
• Ⅸ. Interrelation of Tonality Features = 119
• Ⅹ. And What Now? = 123
• Chapter Three. The Network of Distinctive Features = 125
• Ⅰ. Significance of the Distinctive Features = 125
• Ⅱ. The Two Axes = 128
• Ⅲ. Nasality = 134
• Ⅳ. Voiced∼Voiceless and Tense∼Lax = 138
• Ⅴ. Strident∼Mellow = 142
• Ⅵ. Consonantal Correspondences to the Prosodic Features = 145
• Ⅶ. Vowel Harmony = 149
• Ⅷ. Glides = 153
• Ⅸ. The Nascent Sound Shape = 156
• Ⅹ. Dynamic Synchrony = 168
• XI. Vistas = 176
• Chapter Four. The Spell of Speech Sounds = 181
• Ⅰ. Sound Symbolism = 181
• Ⅱ. Synesthesia = 191
• Ⅲ. Word Affinities = 198
• Ⅳ. Sound-Symbolic Ablaut = 203
• Ⅴ. Speech Sounds in Mythopoeic Usage = 208
• Ⅵ. VerbalTaboo = 211
• Ⅶ. Glossolalia = 214
• Ⅷ. Sound as the Basis of Verse = 218
• Ⅸ. Children's Verbal Art = 220
• Ⅹ. Sausswe's poetique phonisante Seen from Today = 224
• XI. Inferences from a Cummings Poem = 225
• XII. Language and Poetry = 233
• AFTERWORD = 235
• APPENDIX ONE. The Role of Phonic Elements in Speech Perception = 241
• APPENDIX TWO. On the Sound Shape of Language : Mediacy and Immediacy / Linda R. Waugh = 255
• REFERENCES = 273
• ILLUSTRATIONS
• 1. Magic runes from Bryggen = 16
• 2. Neuroanatomical schema for the auditory asymmetries = 35
• 3. Delattre's spectrographic pattern of French consonants = 97
• 4. Spectrograms of American English ha, da, and ga = 103
• 5. X-ray photographs of Czech vowels and consonants = 106
• 6. Title page of C. F. Hellwag's dissertation of 1781 = 129
• 7. The vowel triangle in C.F.Hellwag's dissertation = 130
• 8. A cubic graph of the Turkish vowel system = 151
• PART TWO. SIX LEMONS SUR LE SON ET LE SENS / ROMAN JAKOBSON
• Ⅰ. = 321
• Ⅱ. = 334
• Ⅲ. = 347
• Ⅳ. = 362
• Ⅴ. = 374
• Ⅵ. = 386
• PART THREE. LA THEORIE SAUSSURIENNE EN RETROSPECTION / ROMAN JAKOBSON
• Ⅰ. = 393
• Ⅱ. = 403
• Ⅲ. = 408
• Ⅳ. = 410
• Ⅴ. = 417
• Ⅵ. = 421
• Ⅶ. = 425
• Ⅷ. = 429
• PART FOUR. BECEabI (DIALOGUES) / ROMAN JAKOBSON ; KRYSTYNA POMORSKA
• Вместо предисловия = 439
• Ⅰ. На пути к поэтике = 440
• Ⅱ. Подступы к фолъклору = 449
• Ⅲ. Стих и звуки речи = 454
• Ⅳ. Ролъ согласных в открытии фонологических оппозиций = 460
• Ⅴ. Ролъ международной среды в развитии лингвистической теории = 466
• Ⅵ. Общая проблематика звуков речи = 480
• Ⅶ. Временной фактор в языке и литературе = 483
• Ⅷ. Пространственный фактор = 501
• Ⅸ. Время в систематике знаков = 510
• Ⅹ. Понятие признака = 512
• XI. Параллелизм = 517
• XII. Поззия и грамматика = 526
• XIII. Сходство и смежностъ в языке и литературе, в кино и в афазии = 537
• XIV. Ъиография поэта, поэзия и мнф = 546
• XV. Семиотика = 559
• Послесловие. Крｕстｕна Поморска = 564
• Основные источники = 582
• APPENDIX PRELIMINARIES TO SPEECH ANALYSIS : THE DISTINCTIVE FEATURES AND THEIR CORRELATES / ROMAN JAKOBSON C. GUNNAR FANT ; MORRIS HALLE
• Preface = 585
• Ⅰ. The Concept of the Distinctive Feature = 590
• 1.1 Resolving Speech into Ultimate Units = 590
• 1.2 Invariance and Redundant Variations = 594
• 1.3 Identification of Distinctive Features = 599
• 1.4 Inherent and Prosodic Distinctive Features = 605
• 1.5 The Distinctive Features Compared to Other Sound Features = 607
• Ⅱ. A Tentative Survey of the Distinctive Features = 609
• 2.1 Prefatory Acoustical Remarks = 609
• 2.11 Properties of the Source Function Utilized in Language = 610
• 2.111 Type of Source = 610
• 2.112 Number of Sources = 610
• 2.113 Transient Effects = 610
• 2.12 Transfer Functions Utilized in Language = 610
• 2.121 General Properties = 610
• 2.122 Location of Source = 611
• 2.123 Shape of the Vocal Tract = 611
• 2.13 Neutral Position of the Vocal Tract = 612
• 2.14 Phoneme Boundaries = 612
• 2.2 Fundamental Source Features = 612
• 2.21 Vocalic vs. Non-Vocalic = 612
• 2.22 Consonantal vs. Non-Consonantal = 613
• 2.221 Vowels and Consonants = 613
• 2.222 Liquids = 613
• 2.223 Glides = 613
• 2.224 Production = 614
• 2.225 Perception = 614
• 2.226 Occurrence = 614
• 2.3 Secondary Consonantal Source Features = 615
• 2.31 Envelope Features = 615
• 2.311 Interrupted vs. Continuant = 616
• 2.3111 Stimulus = 616
• 2.3112 Production = 616
• 2.3113 Perception = 617
• 2.3114 Occurrence = 617
• 2.3115 Double Stops = 617
• 2.312 Checked vs. Unchecked = 618
• 2.3121 Stimulus = 618
• 2.3122 Production = 618
• 2.3123 Occurrence = 618
• 2.32 Strident vs. Mellow = 618
• 2.321 Stimulus = 618
• 2.322 Production = 619
• 2.323 Perception = 620
• 2.324 Occurrence = 620
• 2.33 Supplementary Source : Voiced vs. Unvoiced = 621
• 2.331 Stimulus = 621
• 2.332 Production = 622
• 2.333 Occurrence = 622
• 2.4 Resonance Features = 623
• 2.41 Compact vs. Diffuse = 623
• 2.411 Stimulus = 623
• 2.412 Production = 624
• 2.413 Perception = 624
• 2.414 Occurrence = 625
• 2.42 Tonality Features = 626
• 2.421 Grave vs. Acute = 626
• 2.4211 Stimulus = 626
• 2.4212 Production = 627
• 2.422 Flat vs. Plain = 628
• 2.4221 Stimulus = 628
• 2.4222 Production = 628
• 2.423 Sharp vs. Plain = 629
• 2.4231 Stimulus = 629
• 2.4232 Production = 629
• 2.4233 Perception of Tonality Features = 629
• 2.4234 Occurrence of Tonality Features = 630
• 2.4235 The Primary Tonality Feature = 630
• 2.4236 The Secondary Tonality Features = 632
• 2.43 Tense vs. Lax = 635
• 2.431 Stimulus = 635
• 2.432 Production = 635
• 2.433 Perception = 636
• 2.434 Occurrence = 637
• 2.44 Supplementary Resonator: Nasal vs. Oral = 638
• 2.441 Stimulus = 638
• 2.442 Production = 639
• 2.443 Occurrence = 639
• 2.5 Conclusion = 639
• Appendix. Analytic Transcription = 642
• Addenda et Corrigenda = 647
• Figures = 648
• Supplement : Tenseness and Laxness / Roman Jakobson ; Morris Halle = 655
• INDEX OF NAMES = 661
• INDEX OF LANGUAGES DISCUSSED = 672
• INDEX OF SUBJECTS = 676