Contemporary British society

목차 (Table of Contents)

• CONTENTS
• Acknowledgements = xvi
• How to Use this Book = xix
• Maps = xxi
• 1 Introduction = 1
• 1.1 Approaching sociology = 1
• 1.2 Modern societies = 3
• 1.3 Contemporary Britain = 6
• Further reading = 10
• 2 Globalization = 11
• 2.1 Introduction = 11
• 2.2 British society and globalization = 14
• Globalization and national identity = 16
• 2.3 Globalization and social life = 17
• 2.4 Global environmental risks = 22
• Related topics = 25
• Further reading = 25
• 3 Economic Organization = 26
• 3.1 Introduction = 26
• 3.2 Economic restructuring = 27
• Global competition = 34
• The effects of restructuring = 37
• 3.3 Ownership and control = 38
• Concentration and control = 38
• Ownership and control = 42
• 'Popular capitalism' and the growth of share ownership : a case study = 44
• 3.4 Forms of economic organizations = 47
• Bureaucratic organization = 48
• Markets = 51
• State provision = 56
• Communal and domestic provisioning = 56
• 3.5 Services and the changing industrial structure = 58
• Social consequences : a post-industrial society? = 60
• Related topics = 63
• Further reading = 63
• 4 Employment = 64
• 4.1 Introduction = 64
• 4.2 Management and the labour process = 67
• The labour process = 69
• Organizations, technology and the quality of work = 74
• Managerial strategies and control at work = 76
• Trends and tendencies = 78
• 4.3 Trade unions and industrial relations = 83
• Unions, politics and the law = 84
• Trade union organization and membership = 86
• Workplace bargaining = 90
• Industrial conflict = 93
• 4.4 Professional occupations and associations = 96
• Occupational control = 96
• Professionalization as an occupational strategy = 98
• Pharmacy : a case study of a contemporary profession = 100
• Professional knowledge = 102
• 4.5 Unemployment = 103
• The rate of unemployment = 104
• Personal and social consequences of unemployment = 106
• Political consequences of unemployment = 109
• Related topics = 112
• Further reading = 112
• 5 Patterns of Inequality and Social Mobility = 114
• 5.1 Introduction = 114
• 5.2 Income and wealth = 116
• The distribution of income = 116
• The distribution of wealth = 119
• Poverty = 123
• 5.3 Explaining inequality = 127
• 5.4 Social mobility = 131
• The concept of social mobility = 132
• The Nuffield study of social mobility = 134
• Evaluation of the Nuffield study = 136
• Mobility and class formation = 141
• Related topics = 143
• Further reading = 144
• 6 Social Classes = 145
• 6.1 Introduction = 145
• 6.2 The decline of social class? = 147
• 6.3 Working-class experience = 151
• Class position = 152
• Working-class culture = 155
• Consumption = 157
• Working-class politics = 164
• 6.4 The middle classes = 168
• The growth of the middle classes = 168
• Routine white-collar workers = 171
• Managers and professionals : the service class = 174
• The petite bourgeoisie = 181
• Conclusion : divisions and fluidity among the middle class = 182
• 6.5 The upper class = 183
• Property and wealth = 183
• Networks = 186
• Prestige and power = 188
• Related topics = 190
• Further reading = 190
• 7 Gender = 192
• 7.1 Introduction = 193
• Some theories of gender relations : inequality and difference = 193
• 7.2 Women's employment = 195
• Wages = 195
• Gender composition of employment = 197
• Occupational segregation and job hierarchies = 201
• Understanding continuity and change in employment = 202
• 7.3 Households = 203
• Changing housework? = 205
• 7.4 Culture and sexuality = 208
• Femininity and masculinity = 208
• Sexuality = 210
• 7.5 Inequality and welfare = 212
• Health = 213
• 7.6 Education = 214
• 7.7 Gender, power and politics = 218
• Violence against women = 218
• Politics and citizenship = 219
• 7.8 Overview = 223
• Related topics = 224
• Further reading = 224
• 8 Ethnicity and Racism = 226
• 8.1 Introduction = 226
• 8.2 The structure of minority ethnic communities = 228
• Limitations of the Census = 233
• 8.3 Ethnic identity = 235
• Cultural difference = 235
• Cultural difference and identity = 236
• Ethnic identity and political action = 240
• 8.4 Ethnic disadvantage = 243
• Employment = 243
• Unemployment = 248
• Housing and health = 251
• 8.5 Discrimination and racism = 252
• Explaining ethnic inequalities = 252
• Racism and discrimination = 255
• Racism and policing = 258
• Racial harassment = 259
• Discrimination in employment and housing = 261
• Related topics = 263
• Further reading = 263
• 9 Families, Households and Life Courses = 264
• 9.1 Introduction = 265
• Families and households : life-cycle and life course = 265
• 9.2 The British population = 267
• The age of the UK population and the demographic time bomb = 267
• Family size = 271
• The ethnic composition of the UK population = 274
• 9.3 Childhood = 275
• Socialization and gender／ethnic stereotyping = 276
• Children and families = 276
• Children as active agents = 278
• 9.4 Adolescence and youth = 279
• Youth, leisure, consumption and schooling = 283
• 9.5 Families and family practices = 286
• The state and the family = 286
• The division of labour within families = 289
• 9.6 Household formation and dissolution = 292
• 9.7 Older adults = 295
• Related topics = 299
• Further reading = 300
• 10 Associations = 301
• 10.1 Introduction = 301
• 10.2 Families, kin and friends = 302
• Family privatization = 302
• Family responsibilities : a case study = 308
• Friendship networks = 309
• 10.3 Rural and urban communities = 312
• The countryside = 313
• Life in the East Anglian countryside : a case study = 314
• Urban communities = 316
• A nation of home-owners : a case study of privatization = 318
• Gentrification = 319
• 10.4 Religious communities = 321
• Church adherence = 322
• New religious movements = 324
• Civic religion = 327
• Private religion = 328
• 10.5 Social and political networks = 330
• Voluntary organizations = 330
• Networks of resistance = 331
• Enthusiasms = 333
• Related topics = 335
• Further reading = 335
• 11 Leisure = 336
• 11.1 Introduction = 337
• 11.2 Leisure, work and non-work = 337
• The definition of leisure = 337
• The patterns of leisure = 339
• 11.3 Lifestyles and consumer culture = 344
• The concept of lifestyle = 344
• Lifestyles, identity and social structure = 349
• Consumer society = 349
• 11.4 Tourism = 353
• The importance of tourism = 353
• The history of British tourism = 354
• Contemporary British tourism = 356
• 11.5 Sport = 359
• Participating in sport = 359
• Watching sport = 360
• Sport in the media = 361
• 11.6 The arts = 362
• Audiences for the arts = 362
• Artists and performers = 364
• Related topics = 365
• Further reading = 365
• 12 The Media = 367
• 12.1 Introduction = 367
• 12.2 Television = 368
• The television industry = 369
• Television production = 373
• The question of bias = 376
• The television audience = 379
• 12.3 Popular music = 383
• The popular music industry = 384
• The production of popular music = 386
• The popular music audience = 389
• 12.4 Newspapers and magazines = 390
• Reading newspapers and magazines = 392
• Content and control = 394
• Related topics = 397
• Further reading = 398
• 13 The State and Politics = 399
• 13.1 Introduction = 399
• 13.2 Power and the state = 401
• The state = 401
• Power at different levels - from global to local = 404
• Power and politics = 407
• 13.3 Voting behaviour = 416
• Dealignment = 418
• The British voter, 1964-87 : a case study = 423
• The General Election of 1997 = 425
• 13.4 Welfare and the state = 429
• Housing = 430
• Social security = 433
• Political change and social welfare = 435
• Reform of welfare : Conservative governments 1979-97 = 436
• New Labour and the modernization of welfare = 439
• Related topics = 442
• Further reading = 442
• 14 Education = 443
• 14.1 Introduction = 443
• 14.2 Education and the state = 444
• Political debates about schools = 444
• Organizational reform of education by the state = 445
• Markets and parental choice = 447
• Teachers and the state = 450
• 14.3 Education and the economy = 452
• Nationalism, globalization, the economy and education = 452
• Why does education matter to the economy? = 453
• Vocational training = 454
• Discipline and the hidden curriculum = 458
• Resistance, compliance and differentiation = 459
• 14.4 Inequality and selection in education = 465
• Class inequality = 465
• Gender inequalities in education = 471
• Racial inequalities in education = 474
• Related topics = 475
• Further reading = 476
• 15 Health = 477
• 15.1 Introduction = 478
• 15.2 Sociological interest in medicine = 479
• 15.3 General trends in health = 481
• 15.4 Inequalities in health = 487
• A socio-economic model of health = 489
• Trends in socio-economic determinants of health = 490
• 15.5 Health-care expenditure : international comparisons = 494
• Has the NHS been a success? = 496
• 15.6 The NHS = 497
• Public opinion and the NHS = 497
• Unequal access to health care = 498
• Priorities in health care = 505
• 15.7 A contemporary audit = 506
• Reforming the NHS = 506
• The private sector = 508
• A new visions? = 509
• Related topics = 512
• Further reading = 512
• 16 Deviance, Crime and Control = 513
• 16.1 Introduction = 514
• 16.2 Varieties of deviance = 515
• Changes in definitions of deviant behaviour = 517
• Drug-taking and crime = 519
• 16.3 Crime statistics = 520
• The British Crime Survey = 522
• Hidden crime = 531
• 16.4 The criminal justice system = 532
• 16.5 The police = 537
• 16.6 Prisons and punishment = 541
• Mentally disordered offenders = 544
• Sex offenders = 545
• Community control = 545
• Related topics = 547
• Further reading = 548
• Glossary = 549
• Bibliography = 559
• Index = 576