Doubly labeled water (DLW) is well known and most accurate way to evaluate the energy expenditure. Many countries use this DLW to measure the energy expenditure, and deduct the TEE to set up the recommendation of energy for their nation on the basis o...
Doubly labeled water (DLW) is well known and most accurate way to evaluate the energy expenditure. Many countries use this DLW to measure the energy expenditure, and deduct the TEE to set up the recommendation of energy for their nation on the basis of DLW. However, as Korea does not have related sources about this, we use the United States' estimation calculation of total energy expenditure by Korean dietary reference intake. It is urgent to develop the estimation equation of energy requirement for Korea. Also, the result of research about energy requirement using DLW can be used in testing the physical activity level, verifying the validity of method of dietary intake, and evaluating the propreity of amount of activity and intake. Therefore, The primary objective of this study was to use the DLW method as the standard to validate a physical activity questionnaire developed for the Korean population. To aid in the development of a valid physical activity questionnaire for Korean, and then we provide the basic source for establishing the standard of energy intake for national health. Subjects were 36 adults, 18 men and 18 women(6 from 20s, 6 from 30s, and 6 from 40s). All subjects gave their informed consent in writing before the investigation was begun. TEE was estimated 2 weeks, used in the DLW method. Anthropometry were measured in the fasting state before administering the dose of DLW and on the last day of the study. On the first day of the study period, baseline urine was collected, and measurements of resting metabolic rate (RMR) and DLW dosing were obtained. We collected the urine samples after making them drink doubly labeled water 7 times, and investigated the physical activity level and dietary assessment. There is difference between men and women of total energy expenditure, that of men was 2,823 kcal/day, and women was 2,198 kcal/day. Also, there is difference between men and women of REE using indirect calorimetry, that of men was 1,715 kcal/day, and women was 1,375 kcal/day. Both of research show that men' results were slightly higher than women(p<0.001). EER that is represented from Korean Reference Intakes is much lower than the actual energy expenditure. PAL of men was 1.68 and of women was 1.58 using DLW, and PAL of men was 1.57 and of women was 1.48 using Factorial. This shows that PAL using Factorial is underestimated compare to PAL using DLW. To evaluate the validity of the dietary intakes, we compared mean intakes calculated from DLW methods with those derived from the two 3-day 24-h recall dietary surveys. As a result of analysis, energy, total fat and fatty acids were overestimated by the questionnaire. On the food intake level, most of the nutrients intakes from food frequency questionnaire were correlated to 24~h recall dietary survey, but some(fat, calcium, sodium, iron, and vitamin A)of them were underestimated.