UR 협상과정과 WTO의 영향에 대한 평가 = An Assessment on the Uruguay Round Negotiation Process and Impacts of the WTO on Agriculture-With Special Reference to Korean Experiences-

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The Uruguay Round (UR) on Agriculture was initiated by a small number of exporting countries like the United States, European Union, and Cairns group who were motivated to transfer their internal problems in agriculture to international markets. Although they highlighted the theme of global agricultural reform by comparative advantage and welfare of the all participant, the Round was an unfair game of economic politics in the name of multilateral negotiation that could solve their accumulative problems of over-production, stockpiling, export dumping and increasing subsidies. In fact, the negotiation was prepared in advance by the policy reforms of the leading countries in a way to fit with their own needs and budget capabilities. As the result, the monopolistic power of those exporting countries has strengthened in the international market on the one hand; while deepening the disparities between the rich and poor and food security dependency of many importing countries on the other hand. Unfairness of the Agreement lies in the fact that; export- restrictions and embargos of exporting countries were allowed; but no exemption for importing countries other than admitting tariffication and minimum market access (MMA) in the rule of market access. This paper, in analyzing the nature of unfairness of the Agreement and the impact, on the basis of Korean experiences in order to provide information to those who are concerned in the agricultural arena of globalization.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• Ⅰ.머리말
• Ⅱ.UR협상에 대한 평가
• 1.UR 농업협상의 배경
• 2.미국과 EU의 농업협상 대응
• 3.우리나라의 농업협상 대응
• Ⅲ.UR 농업협정의 문제점
• Ⅳ.WTO 이행의 국제적 영향
• 1.WTO 회원국의 UR약속 이행상황
• 2.WTO 이행이 국제농산물 무역구조에 미친 영향
• 3.국가간 부문간 대립구조 심화
• 4.세계 NGO(비정부기구)들의 평가
• Ⅴ.우리나라 농업에 미친 영향
• 1.농산물수입의 증가
• 2.식량자급도 하락 심화
• 3.농업보조의 감축
• 4.농산물가격의 하락 또는 정체
• 5.농가경제의 어려움 가중
• Ⅵ.맺는말