미국 학교 내 종교교육과 종교의 자유에 대한 연구 = A Study of the Religious Education and the Freedom of Religion in the United States

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The religious issues in the public education of the US have been a matter of national agenda, and the subject matter is still discussed. Especially, issues such as performing religious rituals, including prayers in the public school and such as creationism v. evolutionism debate in the curriculum of the public school have been acontroversial issue in the history of the American justice Generally speaking, the supreme courts decided the cases according the establishment clause. However, there were opposing views as well.79) One of the significances of the study lies on examining and reviewing court cases related to religious education and religious freedom in order to manifest how the interpretation of the amendment evolved over history. The study is limited to introducing overall issues, and providing basic resources applicable for future study This study is relevant to South Korea as long as the complicated religious freedom issues are still an on-going controversy. The issues involves coercive chapel course, coercive worship service, the freedom of evangelism for the religious private schools, and the freedom of religion of the students. Although there are numerous researches on this matter, it is quite difficult to find a research introducing the overall case of the US. Therefore, this work attempts to provide foreign cases in order to delve into furter serious research by introducing overall issues related to the religious education and the freedom of religion in the US. The federal supreme court of the US constantly decided unconstitutional when the school authority is directly or indirectly intervened in the practice of school prayers. However, there are still some states permitting silent prayers in public schools, and there is a possibility that the federal supreme court would hear the case Furthermore, a school district policy of permitting prayers initiated and performed voluntarily by students in football games had been found uncomstitutional. According to the First Amendment, the court manifested a consistent perstpective in regard to the role of religion in the curriculum of the public schools. While a prejudiced religious education showing preference to a particular religion and a method of indoctrination of religion are forbidden, when secular, objective and non-indoctrinating method is taken, education related to religion is permitted. However, in regard to the creationism v. evolutionism, the court did not see evolution as a religion and constantly found anti-evolutionary laws unconstitytional.

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