대학 4학년생의 구직 행태에서의 성차 = The gender differences in job-seeking behaviors among college seniors.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구에서는 구직 활동 중인 대학 4학년생 2,530명을 대상으로 직업에 대한 가치관, 전공몰입, 취업장애요인 지각, 진로미결정, 직업탐색 활동, 구직 자기효능감, 구직 스트레스 및 정신건강 등 구직과 관련된 다양한 변인들에 있어서 성차를 조사하였다. 연구 결과는 예상했던 대로 여러 영역에서 성차를 보였으며, 전반적으로 남학생에 비해 여대생들이 진로와 취업과 관련해 더 어려움을 겪고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 즉 여대생이 남학생에 비해 진로미결정 비율이 더 높았고, 직업탐색 활동이 덜 적극적이었다. 취업장애요인으로 남녀차별, 외모나 키와 같은 신체적 문제를 더 많이 지각하였다. 또 구직 효능감이 낮았고 자존감과 정신건강, 구직 스트레스 등도 더 취약한 것으로 나타났다. 마지막으로 이러한 결과의 의미, 본 연구의 의의 및 후속 연구 방향에 대해 논의하였다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The purpose of this study was to examine the gender differences in job-seeking variables such as work values, major commitment, perceived barrier factors in employment, career indecision, job-search behavior, self-efficacy of job-seeking, job-seeking stress, and mental health in 2,530 college seniors. The results showed significant gender differences on several aspects as expected. That is, female students had more difficulties in job seeking behaviors than male ones. Female students showed higher rates of career indecision and less active job-seeking behavior than male ones. Female students perceived more gender discrimination and physical problems such as appearance and height as barrier factors in getting a job than male ones. Female students experienced lower self-efficacy of job-seeking and more job-seeking stress and mental health problems than male ones. Finally, meanings of these results and suggestions for further research were discussed.

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