일차 및 이차 정신병질 경향성자의 의사결정과 반응역전 수행 능력에 대한 연구 = A decision-making process and response reversal performance ability of individuals with primary and secondary psychopathic tendencies

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study investigated the task performance of individuals with primary psychopathic and secondary psychopathic tendencies. The tasks have been known as sensitive to amygdala and orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) functioning. Group with Psychopathic tendencies(n=23) and control gruop(n=23) were defined by Levenson's self-report psychopathy(LSRP)[Levenson et al., 1995]. In addition, individuals with primary(n=12) and secondary(n=11) psychopathic tendencies were divided by Welsh Anxiety Scale(WAS) [Welsh et al., 1956]. They completed a IOWA gambling task(Bechara et al., 1994) and the intradimensional/extradimensional (ID/ED) shift task, (Dias et al., 1996) which are related to amygdala and orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) functioning. On the gambling task, all participants with psychopathic tendencies showed a global tendency to choose in a disadvantageous way. Specifically, they showed an impaired learning ability over the course of the task. On the ID/ED task, the number of error in response reversal stages of individuals with primary psychopathic tendencies was not significantly different from a control group, but significant impairments were found in individuals with secondary psychopathic tendencies. In conclusion, individuals with primary psychopathic tendencies show amygdala dysfunction, but individuals with secondary psychopathic tendencies are lack of OFC.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구의 목적은 신경심리검사를 통해 정신병질자의 의사결정과 반응역전 능력을 확인하여 일차와 이차 정신병질자의 신경학적 기능이상을 추론하는 것이었다. 먼저 대학생 500명에게 Levenson 자기보고식 정신병질 질문지(LSRP)를 사용하여 정신병질 경향성 집단과 통제 집단을 선발하였고, Welsh 불안 척도(WAS)를 사용하여, 정신병질 경향성 집단을 일차 정신병질 경향성 집단과 이차 정신병질 경향성 집단으로 분리하였으며, 각 집단에게 아이오와 도박과제와 반응역전 과제를 실시하였다. 도박과제 수행 결과, 두 정신병질 집단이 통제 집단보다 유의하게 많은 비합리적인 의사결정을 하는 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 반응역전 과제 수행 결과, 일차 정신병질 경향성 집단은 통제 집단과 비슷한 수준의 수행 오류를 보인 반면, 이차 정신병질 경향성 집단은 통제 집단보다 수행오류가 유의하게 더 많았다. 이러한 결과로 인해 일차 정신병질 경향성 집단은 편도체 기능이상과 이차 정신병질 경향성 집단은 안와전두피질 기능이상과 밀접하게 관련된 것으로 추론할 수 있었으며, 이러한 추론을 통하여 정신병질자의 문제 행동 원인과 개입에 있어서 고려점 등을 제안하였다.

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