핀란드 소상공인 및 자영업자 지원정책 분석 = An Analysis on the Finnish Support Policy for Small Business and Self-Employed

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

In this study were analyzed the support policies and trends of small business and self-employed in Finland In order to draw up the appropriate support policy for small business and self-employed in Korea. In Finland, the ratio of micro-enterprises with less than 10 employees accounted for 93.3%, which is higher than 86.4% in Korea. And Finnish small business account for 13.8% of employment, which is lower than Korea’s 37.9%. Finnish support policy for small business focuses on entrepreneurship, innovation and internationalization. The support of the Finnish government aims to supplement market and system failure. Finnish government support is trying to keep private R&D investment from shrinking. Therefore, direct funding is supported mainly to start-up companies. Companies with a certain period after the start-up are supported by a higher rate than the interest rate on the loan market.
A characteristic of Finnish self-employed is their field of activity. Korea has a high proportion of wholesaler and retail, catering and accommodation industries. Finnish self-employed accounted for 11.4% of total employment, which is lower than Korea's 21.5%. Finnish support policy for self-employment is not economic policy but social policy. The start-up subsidy is provided by employment-related departments and not by economic ministries. It does not pay the start-up subsidy for the start-up of a business but it supports for the livelihood of the founder. In particular, it can be called policy against unemployment by supporting job training and start-up of selfemployed or unemployed because it supports job training and start-up of closed self-employed or unemployed. If the start-up subsidy is judged to distort competition with competitors of the same industry, it is not paid. This prevents excessive establishment of businesses in certain industries.

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