고려시대 전장의 규모와 공간구조

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The ‘Farm(田莊)’ was the grand private land made in Unified Silla, was developed through society change in NaMalYeoCho(羅末麗初). Generally the grand private land of Koryo Dynasty has been named NongJang(農莊). It has been known that NongJang(農莊) of Koryo Dynasty was formed and was developed in the course of society change of the late Koryo Dynasty. It is very important how to define the grand private land and NongJang(農莊). I regard the grand private land in Koryo Dynasty as the ‘Form' which was already made in Unified Silla, because if I use a conception of NongJang(農莊) it will threw some persons into a confusion.
The Farm of the Koryo Dynasty was used together with JeonYeo(田廬), JeonSA(田舍), JeonWon(田園), ByeolEop(別業), NongJang(農莊), ByeolYa(別墅), was made up of JangSa(莊舍), cultivated land, vagetable field etc. The Farm was managed by slave labor, they were servants and ruined people. A few servants didn't have family, they jointed compulsive service in JangSa(莊舍) of the master of the Farm. But most farming servants had family, they had cultivated land. Hence the Farm was based on a small farmer's management.
About 15 farm families were under the rule of the Farm of the Koryo Dynasty, area of cultivated land was about 700Durak(斗落-a Korean measure of farmland) The Farm was made up of JangSa which has a tile-roofed house or a grass-roofed house, cultivated land, and vegetable field etc. There were owners, managers, residential areas, corrals and storehouses. Cultivated land was divided into dry field?paddy field and vegetable field. Vegetable field was place in which firewood was collected, sometimes which was used as grazing.
Like a lord of manor in the West, landlords of the Koryo Dynasty had possessed ‘Farms'. They set up some offices named JangSa(莊舍) and had some managers who had tasks to collect ground rents and carry them to landlords, to supervise peasants.