고려 중기 역법(曆法)과 金의 『중수대명력(重修大明曆)』“보기삭술(步氣朔術)” 검토 -『고려사(高麗史)』 「세가(世家)」 11월 삭일(朔日) 분석을 중심으로- = A Study on Calendar System in Mid-Goryeo Dynasty and “Bogisaksul”, 『Revised Daming Calendar』 in Jin Dynasty -The analysis of the first day of November of the lunar calendar shown in 「Saega」, 『Goryeosa』-

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Goryeo dynasty accepted the calenda system through various routes. This study is purposed to examine if the calenda of Jin dynasty was actually used in Goryeo from the time when Goryeo got the calenda from Jin till the Shoushi calendar, Yuan dynasty’s official calenda was promulgated in Goryeo through the calculation of the 1st day of November of the lunar calendar. To confirm the fact, this study used ‘Gisagsul’, the (Rev)Daming calendar compiled in 「Yeokji」, 『History of Jin Dynasty』. There are several interpretations of why there happens time difference of around one day shown as the first day of November with time calculated by Jin’s Daming calenda arithmatic. Zu Chongzhi’s Daming calendar of Liu Song influenced on Gujun’s Daming calendar of Liao dynasty, and the Song calendar is considered having been the root of Yangji’s Daming calendar and Zhao Zhiwei’s Daming calendar, [Revised Daming Calendar], which can be said that the calendar systems of the same name called the Daming calendar developed different Gisaksul. Thus, Gujun’s Daming calendar of Liao and the Daming calendar of Jin can not be said to be the same calenda system. Zhao Zhiwei’s Daming calendar was made at King Sejong’s command during Jin dynasty in 1171. But, the calenda system was not promulgated right that time. It was enforced ten years from that time through experiencing solar and lunar eclipses. That is, Jin dynasty used Zhao Zhiwei’s (Rev)Daming calendar till the fall of Jin dynasty, and Yuan destroying Jin also used the calenda at first. In addition, Yuan granted the calenda to Goryeo dynasty. Goryo seems to have accepted the (Rev)Daming calendar of Jin till it promulgated the Shoushi calender of Yuan. Based on the analysis of ten cases, it is quite possible that Goryeo had introduced the calendar of Jin dynasty before the Shoushi calendar of Yuan was promulgated in Goryeo. This study proved that by applying Gisaksul, the (Rev)Daming calendar of Jin dynasty centering around the description of the first day of November recorded in 「Saega」, 『Goryeosa』. The (Rev)Daming calendar of Jin dynasty caused a gap such as time difference of a day as time goes by. For the time difference in calculation, Goryeo would have calculated a calenda day suitable for Goryeo by referring to the Xuanming calendar and various calendars from its neighboring countries.