Epigallocatechin Gallate (EGCG)의 벤젠에 의한 폐 대식세포 사멸 차단 효과 = The Protective Effect of Epigallocatechin Gallate (EGCG) against Benzene-induced Cell Death in Alveolar Macrophage

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Benzene is a volatile environmental pollutant that induces asthma and allergy in the respiratory system. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) is the major catechin of green tea. Alveolar macrophages play a pivotal role in the immune response of the respiratory system. On the other hand, the preventive effects of EGCG against benzene-induced cell death have not been elucidated. Therefore, this study examined the preventive effect of EGCG against benzene-induced cell death in Raw 264.7 cells, an alveolar macrophage cell line. In the present study, benzene induced a decrease in cell viability, glutathione (GSH) content and stimulated lipid peroxide (LPO) formation. The treatment with the green tea extracts and EGCG (> 1 μM) prevented benzene-induced cell death, and reduced the GSH contents and lipid peroxide formation in Raw 264.7 cells. On the other hand, the total ginseng and capsaicin did not block benzene-induced cell viability, glutathione contents (GSH) and LPO formation. The treatment of GTE and EGCG also prevented the FA-induced an increase in cleaved caspase-3 and Bax, which are pro-apoptotic proteins, and a decrease in Bcl-2, an anti-apoptotic protein in Raw 264.7 cells. Therefore, it is expected that EGCG protects against the benzene-induced cell death and its main action is mediated by the decrease in oxidative stress In conclusion, EGCG prevents benzene-induced cell death by the decreasing the levels in oxidative stress in Raw 264.7 cells.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 서 론
• 재료 및 방법
• 결과 및 고찰
• 적 요
• 감사의 글

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 Gu Q., "Tea polyphenols prevent lung from preneoplastic lesions and effect p53 and bcl-2 gene expression in rat lung tissues" 6 (6): 1523-1531, 2013

2 Verma Y., "Sex differences in oxidative stress induced by benzene in rats" 42 (42): 117-120, 2004

3 Anderson BB., "Red-cell GSH regeneration and glutathione reductase activity in G6PD variants in the Ferrara area" 67 (67): 459-466, 1987

4 Kim DY., "Panax ginseng ameliorates airway inflammation in an ovalbumin-sensitized mouse allergic asthma model" 136 (136): 230-235, 2011

5 Li AA., "Oral gavage subchronic neurotoxicity and inhalation subchronic immunotoxicity studies of ethylbenzene in the rat" 31 (31): 247-258, 2010

6 Sharma S., "Melatonin inhibits benzeneinduced lipid peroxidation in rat liver" 61 (61): 11-18, 2010

7 Kushima Y., "Inhibitory effect of(-)-epigallocatechin and(-)-epigallocatechin gallate against heregulin beta1-induced migration/invasion of the MCF-7 breast carcinoma cell line" 32 : 899-904, 2009

8 Lee JH., "Inhibition of pathogenic bacterial adhesion by acidic polysaccharide from green tea(Camellia sinensis)" 54 (54): 8717-8723, 2006

9 Kampa M., "Human health effects of air pollution" 151 (151): 362-367, 2008

10 Lee MS., "Green tea catechin enhances cholesterol 7alpha-hydroxylase gene expression in HepG2 cells" 99 : 1182-1185, 2008

11 Emara AM., "Green tea attenuates benzene-induced oxidative stress in pump workers" 5 (5): 69-80, 2008

12 Khalade A., "Exposure to benzene at work and the risk of leukemia : a systematic review and meta-analysis. Environ" 9 : 31-, 2010

13 Saha S., "Effect of methanolic leaf extract of Ocimum basilicum L. on benzene-induced hematotoxicity in mice" 2012 : 176385-, 2012

14 Zhao L., "Effect of TRPV1 channel on the proliferation and apoptosis in asthmatic rat airway smooth muscle cells" 39 (39): 283-294, 2013

15 Weaver CV., "Differentially expressed pro-and anti-apoptogenic genes in response to benzene exposure : Immunohistochemical localization of p53, Bag, Bad, Bax, Bcl-2, and Bcl-w in lung epithelia" 59 (59): 265-272, 2008

16 Mukherjee B., "Chronic inhalation of biomass smoke is associated with DNA damage in airway cells : involvement of particulate pollutants and benzene" 33 (33): 281-289, 2013

17 Kim JH., "Changes in oxidative stress biomarker and gene expression levels in workers exposed to volatile organic compounds" 49 (49): 8-14, 2011

18 Zakeri Z., "Cell death : history and future" 615 : 1-11, 2008

19 Zakeri Z., "Cell death : history and future" 615 : 1-11, 2008

20 Susnow N., "Bcl-2 family proteins as regulators of oxidative stress" 19 (19): 42-49, 2009

21 Zinkel S., "BCL2 family in DNA damage and cell cycle control" 13 (13): 1351-1359, 2006

22 Ohkawa H., "Assay for lipid peroxides in animal tissues by thiobarbituric acid reaction" 95 : 351-358, 1979

23 Kutuk O., "Apoptosis signalling by 4-hydroxynonenal : a role for JNK-c-Jun/AP-1 pathway" 12 (12): 30-34, 2007

24 Kutuk O., "Apoptosis signalling by 4-hydroxynonenal : a role for JNK-c-Jun/AP-1 pathway" 12 (12): 30-34, 2007

25 Schneider JC., "Air pollution particulate SRM 1648 causes oxidative stress in RAW 264. 7 macrophages leading to production of prostaglandin E2, a potential Th2 mediator" 17 : 871-877, 2005

26 Bradford MM, "A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding" 72 : 248-254, 1976

27 Sueoka N., "A new function of green tea : prevention of lifestyle-related diseases" 928 : 274-280, 2001