Since 1970s, middle to small size cities in South Korea have been rapidly urbanized with the process of industrialization. But old urban areas in those cities are deteriorating as the population does not grow any more because of low birth rates and th...
Since 1970s, middle to small size cities in South Korea have been rapidly urbanized with the process of industrialization. But old urban areas in those cities are deteriorating as the population does not grow any more because of low birth rates and the expansion of new town attracts a large number of residents. Therefore, we need to reexamine the Land Readjustment Project, Land Development Project, and Urban Development Project which have been main policies for housing supply in South Korea. For this purpose, this paper studies the case of Jeju city. In Jeju city, Urban Development Project and Land Development Project are currently being carried out. Local government is undertaking Urban Development Project, and this project appropriately reflects local conditions. To make the project successful, therefore, 1) local government should secure more lands through Cubic Change of Land method to supply more public spaces, and 2) the project should use mixing method to supply more public housing and public spaces. Until now, Land Development Project in Jeju city has not reflected the unique local conditions enough. Therefore, new lands for housing should be supplied through Urban Development Project. If the Land Development Projects carried out by the Korea National Housing Corporation and Korea Land Corporation focus on old urban development, which are hard for local government to undertake, their roles will be well coordinated, complementing each other.
First, the small or middle size area per project shows that the Urban Development Project and Land Development Project can be characterized as bed towns. Because these project zones are adjacent, they spoil the Jeju city's scenic beauty. It is generally known that Urban Development Project which use land substitution are slower than Land Development Project which takes expropriation approach. In case of Jeju city, however, Urban Development Project shows the shorter project period. It reflects that expropriation lengthens the project period because of such obstacles as residents' opposition.
Second, in the area distribution of use region, Urban Development Project shows desirable residential environment, providing more public area and less residential area. In the area distribution of residing region, Urban Development Project is oriented for detached house, while Land Development Project puts more emphasis on apartment house. And Land Development Project has less roads and more green areas, parks, and squares in terms of zone establishment ratio. Urban Development Project is better in terms of density, while Land Development Project show a high rates of green areas. But Urban Development Project is better in terms of park area per resident. Comparing the two projects, land supply projects should be revitalized according to the characteristics of each project in such small- or mid-size city as Jeju city where the population growth rate is not high.