현대적 수난사화로서의 아이웨이웨이(Ai Weiwei)의 <S.A.C.R.E.D.>(2013)에 관한 연구

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This paper investigates the biblical and political implications of Ai Weiwei's work entitled <S.A.C.R.E.D.>, which was shown at the 55th Venice Biennale in Venice, Italy, 2013. With the biblical Passion images and metaphor of Christ, Ai is finely depicted as Christ and martyr while having suffered during his detention by Chinese authorities for 81 days. Tracing back to such biblical theme as suffering, death, and resurrection of Christ, Ai has played in six large boxes called Supper, Accusers, Cleansing, Ritual, Entropy, Doubt, into which the viewer can peek to see him eating meal, asleep in bed, taking a shower, on toilet with two uniformed guards. The title is reminiscent of religious artifacts by the Italian Old Masters in the church of Sant'Antonin, which represent the invisible holiness. The installation in individual boxes in the church should be interpreted in the context of Christ's Passion such as Agony in the Garden of Gethsemane, Last Supper, Arrest, Mocking, Crucifixion, Deposition, and Lamentation implied in the Stations of the Cross and the Temptations of St Anthony, to whom the church is dedicated. Through the religious images, the viewer can assume Ai's propaganda to the concrete figures of Christ and the Saint to create his own self- portrait. Conceived with the wooden-stool sculpture <Bang> in the German pavilion and with <Straight>, his massive accumulation of crushed rebars from the children's schools collapsed in the 2008 Sichuan earthquake at the Zuecca Project Space, Ai in <S.A.C.R.E.D.> can be interpreted as having made a dialogue between the martyr and the dissent artist. <S.A.C.R.E.D.>, Ai's first work made in response to his own trauma and memories during his detention, has surprisingly positioned him as Christ, a saint, and a martyr, although he denied it. This study aims to explore Ai's use of the biblical iconography as metaphor, which reinforces his own torture, claustrophobia, enclosure, surveillance, and humiliation, especially in relation to his detention.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• Ⅰ. 서론
• Ⅱ. 아이웨이웨이의 작업에 나타난 파괴와 저항적 경향
• Ⅲ. 현대적 수난사화로서의 아이웨이웨이의 (2013)에 관한 연구
• Ⅳ. 결론
• 참고 문헌
• Abstract

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 제러미 벤담, "파놉티콘" 책세상 2009

2 김행지, "요셉 보이스 (Joseph Beuys)의 작품에 나타난 그리스도교적 상징과 의식" 미술사와 시각문화학회 (10) : 8-51, 2011

3 한스 울리히 오브리스트, "아이 웨이웨이: 육성으로 듣는 그의 삶, 예술, 세계" 미메시스 2011

4 아이 웨이웨이, "아이 웨이웨이 블로그: 에세이, 인터뷰, 디지털 외침들" 미메시스 2014

5 이덕형, "성스러움의 전복(顚覆): 문화코드로서의 유로지비" 한국노어노문학회 18 (18): 261-290, 2006

6 알로이 스 리글, "기념물의 현대적 숭배" 기문당 2013

7 미셸 푸코, "감시와 처벌: 감옥의 역사" 나남출판사 2009

8 루돌프 옷토, "聖스러움의 意味" 분도출판사 1987

9 Judkis, Maura, "‘Dead’ Ai Weiwei Sculpture Scares German Town"

10 Searle, Adrian, "Where is Ai Weiwei?"

11 Foster, Elena Ochoa, "Way Beyond of Art: Ai Weiwei" Ivory Press 2009

12 Washburn, Dan, "Video: Beyond China's Great Firewall, Subversive Content in Cartoon Form"

13 Bürger, Peter, "Theory of the Avant-Garde, trans. Michael Shaw" University of Minnesota Press 1984

14 Crow, Kelly, "The Art of Residence"

15 Thorpe, Vanessa, "Tate Modern Protest for the Release of Missing Chinese Dissident Artist Ai Weiwei"

16 DeMola, Pete, "Saint Ai, The Musician: The Divine Comedy"

17 Tancock, John, "Prelude: Ai Weiwei in New York" Rongrong&inri 2010

18 Fenlon, Iain, "Piazza San Marco" Profile Books Ltd 2009

19 Steadman, Otillia, "Othering and the Logic of Dissent: Ai Weiwei on the International Stage" 4 (4): 6-21, 2011

20 Jacobs, Andrew, "Now Free, A Chinese Dissent Muzzles Himself"

21 Smith, Karen, "Hans-Ulrich Obrist, and Bernhard Fibicher" Phaidon 2009

22 Meisler, Stanley, "Glory in Uselessness: The Eiffel Tower"

23 Rancière, Jacques, "Dissensus" Continuum International Publishing Group 2010

24 Pollock, Barbara, "Crossing the Line in China"

25 Bristow, Michael, "China Police Silent on Artist Ai Weiwei's Detention"

26 Taylor, Kate, "Arts Group Calls for Worldwide Sit-In For Ai Weiwei"

27 Jones, Sam, "Anish Kappor Calls for Ai Weiwei Protest"

28 Wong, Edward, "An Artist Depicts His Demons"

29 Sooke, Alastair, "Ai Weiwei: The most important artist alive?"

30 Barrett, David, "Ai Weiwei: Sunflower Seeds" 343 : 24-25, 2011

31 Siemons, Mark, "Ai Weiwei: So Sorry" Prestel Verlag 2009

32 Weidong, Mao, "Ai Weiwei: New York Photographs 1983-1993" Three Shadows Press Limited 2011

33 Newland, Joseph N., "Ai Weiwei: Dropping the Urn: Ceramic Works, 5000 BCE-2010 CE" Arcadia University Art Gallery 2010

34 Higgins, Charlotte, "Ai Weiwei shows Venice Biennale His Many Sides"

35 Branigan, Tania, "Ai Weiwei is Investigated by Police for Economic Crimes"

36 Kim, Adela H., "Ai Weiwei and His S.A.C.R.E.D"

37 Watts, Jonathan, "Ai Weiwei Investigated Over Nude art"

38 Page, Jeremy, "Ai Weiwei Donations Hit $1.37 Million, Enough to Challenge Tax Charges"

39 Eimer, David, "Ai Weiwei Accused of Bigamy"

40 Cohen, Andrew, "Ai Weiwei" 1 (1): 75-, 2011

41 Barmé, Geremie R, "A view on Ai Weiwei's Exit"

42 Sikes, Evan, "A Matter of Perspective: Anti-Authoritarian Gestures in the Political Art of Ai Weiwei" University of Cincinnati 2013

43 Tinari, Philip, "A King of True Living" (Summer) : 453-457, 2007

44 Kostof, Spiro, "A History of Architecture: Settings and Rituals" Oxford University Press 1995

45 Smith, Roberta, "12 Heads Do the Talking for a Silence Artist"