신약 성경 명칭의 변천 = The Change of the Titles of the New Testament

국문 초록 (Abstract)

이 논문은 신약 성경의 명칭의 형성과 변천을 추적하였다. 2세기 중반 신약 성경이처음 등장했을 때, ‘새로운 계약 ϰαινὴ διαѲήϰη’이 이름으로 제시되었다. 디아세케는 히브리어 베리트(ת י בר, berit)의 번역어이다. 베리트는 계약이라는 뜻만 갖고 있는, 반면디아세케는 계약과 유언의 이중 의미를 갖고 있다. 신약 성경의 저자들은 대부분 계약의 의미로 썼지만, 3회는 유언의 의미로 썼다.
2세기 말 라틴 기독교 신자들은 ‘카이네 디아세케 ϰαινὴ διαѲήϰη’을 노붐 테스타멘툼으로 옮겼다. 테스타멘툼은 계약이라는 뜻은 없고, 유언이라는 뜻만 갖고 있다. 이 때문에 테르툴리아누스와 아우구스티누스는 테스타멘툼보다 권위 있는 문서라는 의미를갖고 있는 인스트루멘툼이 적절하다고 주장하였다.
근대 초 희랍어 원전 성경을 복원하면서 에라스무스는 테스타멘툼보다 인스트루멘툼이 옳다고 주장했지만, 지지를 얻지 못했다. 한편 몇몇 영어 성경의 번역자는 신약성경의 명칭으로 ‘커버넌트 covenant’를 채택했는데, 이는 영어 테스타멘트가 계약이라는 뜻을 갖고 있지 않기 때문이다

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This paper looked at the changes of the titles of the New Testament. When the New Testament first appeared in the mid-second century, the name of the new scripture was suggested as ‘new contract ϰαινὴ διαѲήϰη’. This word was used by Melito of Sardis and Irenaeus and was soon widely used. διαѲήϰη is a translation of Hebrew ‘berit’.
The Hebrew word berit only means 'contract'. Diatheke, on the other hand, has a double meaning of contract and will. Most of the authors of the New Testament wrote it as a contract, but three times as a will.
At the end of the second century, Latin Christians transferred ‘ϰαινὴ διαѲήϰη’ηδη’ to ‘Novum Testamentum". However, Testamentum does not m ean a contract, but only a will. And Tertullian and Augustine argued that instrumentum was more appropriate than testamentum.
They thought that testamentum did not mean a recorded document, while instamentum meant an authoritative document. However, their views did not win the support of the majority. In the early modern era, the titles of Bible was discussed again. Erasmus argued that instrumentum was more appropriate than testamentum.

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