호손의 『브라이드데일 로맨스』에 나타난 전원성과 여성상

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

American pastoralism developed through the 19th century novelists, particularly in the work of Nathaniel Hawthorne, whose The Blithedale Romance shows a unique form of American pastoralism. He created a dual characterization in order to display the conflict between ruralism and urbanism based on the organic actions of the characters.
The Blithedale Romance uses two female protagonists (Priscilla and Zenobia) and two male antagonists (Hollingworth and Coverdale), who represent Hawthorne’s ambiguity towards the ideal of pastoralism and the reality of industrialism in the 19th century. Although the writer demonstrates a certain nostalgia for purity in nature, he cannot but accept the inevitability of an industrial and commercial invasion.
These social conflicts are illustrated by various psychological responses and behaviors of Priscilla, who tries to adhere to the male-dominated society, as well as of Zenobia whose desires are crushed by her cruel male opponents. The two female protagonists are closely connected with Hawthorne’s dual responses toward pastoralism.
The Blithedale Romance marks the development of the modern conception of pastoralism. Hawthorne emerges as a major pastoral novelist building a theater of manners on the unoccupied land between the Imaginary and the Real, which is Hawthorne’s terminology to define his dichotomy.

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