The economics of involuntary resettlement : questions and challenges

목차 (Table of Contents)

• CONTENTS
• Acknowledgements = ⅸ
• Abbreviations and Acronyms = xi
• INTRODUCTION. Mutual Reinforcement : Linking Economic and Social Knowledge about Resettlement / Michael M. Cernea = 1
• 1. Why Economic Analysis Is Essential to Resettlement : A Sociologist's View / Michael M. Cernea = 5
• Editor's Note = 5
• Insularity versus Partnership = 6
• Social Knowledge about Resettlement : Recent Progress = 7
• Economic Knowledge : The Challenges Ahead = 8
• Brief Review of the Economic Literature = 10
• Perverse Effects of Insufficient Economic Analysis = 13
• The Anatomy of Impoverishment : Risks, Safeguards, and Recovery = 15
• Risk Analysis and Behavioral Risks = 15
• Impoverishment Risks to People = 16
• Limitations of the Cosy-Benefit Method = 19
• Underfinancing of Recovery and Development = 22
• The Promise of an Economics of Recovery = 24
• Priority Economic Research Areas = 24
• Additional Lines of Argument = 25
• Social Contributions to Economic Analysis = 26
• APPENDIX. Brief Overview of the State of the Art in Social Research on Involuntary Resettlement = 28
• Intensive, "Thick" Knowledge = 30
• More Extensive Knowledge = 30
• From Description to Prescription = 32
• Policy Formulation = 33
• Measurements and Quantification = 34
• New Theory and Models = 35
• Resistance to Displacement = 35
• Acknowledgements = 36
• References = 38
• 2. Methodological Issues in the Economic Analysis for Involuntary Resettlement Operations / David W. Pearce = 50
• Editor's Note = 50
• Conclusions from Past Resettlement Experiences = 52
• Does Resettlement Differ from Other Project Externalities? = 54
• Issues in the Economics of Resettlement = 55
• Avoiding Involuntary Resettlement = 55
• Property Rights = 57
• The No-Worse-Off Criterion = 58
• Full and Proper Compensation = 59
• Financing Resettlement = 71
• The Policy Context = 72
• Resettlement and Project Rates of Return = 73
• Guidelines for Gathering and Analyzing Economic Information for Resettlement = 73
• References = 79
• 3. Comparing the Economic Planning for Voluntary and Involuntary Resettlement / John H. Eriksen = 83
• Editor's Note = 83
• Programmatic Characteristics of the Projects = 86
• Bank Financial Participation in Resettlement = 87
• Relationship between Scale and Success = 87
• Average Cost of Resettlement per Participant = 89
• Duration of Resettlement Operations = 93
• Use of Bank Resources for Resettlement = 94
• Nature and Quality of Baseline Surveys = 96
• Quality of Resettlement Plans = 97
• Differences among Implementing Agencies = 99
• Resettlers' Participation in Decisionmaking = 106
• Accuracy of Cost Projections = 107
• Inclusion of Transition Costs and Grants = 108
• Agricultural Characteristics of the Projects = 109
• Analysis of the Resource Base = 109
• Appraising Sources of Household Income = 110
• Participant Selection Criteria = 111
• Range of Income-Generating Options = 112
• Farm Models Envisaged = 112
• Allocation of Land Holdings : Size, Criteria, and Land Tenure = 113
• Types of Infrastructure Provided = 114
• Sources of Resettlement Services = 115
• Degree of Risk Assessment = 115
• Conclusions and Recommendations = 116
• APPENDIX. Characteristics of the Agriculturally Based Resettlement Projects Surveyed = 121
• References = 145
• 4. Economic Dimensions of Urban Resettlement : Experiences from Latin America / Mar$$\acute i$$a Clara Mej$$\acute i$$a = 147
• Editor's Note = 147
• Overview of Urban Displacement and Resettlement in Latin America = 149
• Magnitude of Urban Population Displacement = 149
• Causes and Rationale for Involuntary Displacement in Urban Areas = 150
• Specific Conditions in the Urban Context = 152
• Economic Issues in House Replacement Alternatives = 155
• Land Titles and Property Compensation = 155
• Monetary Compensation = 156
• Socioeconomic Development = 156
• Subsidized Solutions versus Partial Payment = 157
• Housing Replacement Alternatives = 158
• Socioeconomic Profile of the Affected Population = 162
• Economic Reconstruction and Participation = 164
• Principal Difficulties in Planning and Implementation = 166
• Planning = 166
• Implementation = 167
• Legal Difficulties = 169
• Economic Difficulties = 170
• Relocation Impacts on Income-Generating Activities = 176
• New Challenges and Practical Recommendations = 179
• Preparation = 181
• Implementation = 184
• Acknowledgements = 186
• References = 187
• 5. Testing the Risks and Reconstruction Model on India's Resettlement Experiences / Lakshman K. Mahapatra = 189
• Editor's Note = 189
• Conceptual Frameworks and Theoretical Perspectives = 191
• Stages of Resettlement and Rehabilitation = 192
• The Impoverishment Risks and Reconstruction Model = 193
• The Social Actors in Resettlement = 196
• The Economics of Resettlement : Missing Research in India = 198
• Impoverishment Risks and Social Exclusion = 201
• Landlessness = 201
• Joblessness = 203
• Homelessness = 204
• Marginalization = 205
• Increased Morbidity and Mortality = 206
• Food Insecurity = 207
• Loss of Access to Common Property = 208
• Social Disarticulation = 209
• Loss of Education = 211
• Reconstructing the Livelihoods of Resettlers = 213
• Countering Landlessness and Joblessness = 213
• Moving from Homelessness to House Reconstruction = 215
• Reconstructing Living Communities = 216
• From Hunger and Morbidity Risks to Adequate Nutrition and Better Health Care = 218
• From Educational Loas to Educational Restitution = 218
• Institutional Mechanisms for Rehabilitation = 219
• Acts and Policies Are Not Enough = 220
• Conclusions : Unfinished Tasks = 221
• NGOs and Civil Society = 223
• Central and State Governments = 224
• Acknowledgements = 226
• References = 226
• 6. Sharing Project Benefits to Improve Resettlers' Livelihoods / Warren A. Van Wicklin Ⅲ = 231
• Editor's Note = 231
• Arguments for Sharing Benefits = 233
• National Policy Provisions for Sharing Benefits = 237
• A Typology of Project-Level Benefit Sharing = 241
• Irrigation = 241
• Electricity = 242
• Fishing = 242
• Transport = 243
• Employment = 243
• Housing = 247
• Access to Improved Infrastructure = 248
• Replicating Good Practices in Benefit Sharing for Income Recovery = 249
• Acknowledgements = 252
• References = 252
• About the Contributors = 257