TNFD와의 연계를 위한 환경영향평가 및 영향 저감 개선 방안 - 산업입지 및 산업단지 조성사업 포유류 조사를 중심으로 - = Improvement Measures of Environmental Impact Assessment and Impact Reduction for Linkage with TNFD - Focusing on Mammal Surveys for Industrial Site and Industrial Complex Development Projects -

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study is crucial in linking TNFD and the environmental impact assessment of the natural ecosystem field. Its purpose is to analyze environmental impact assessment reports, focusing on mammals in the natural ecosystem for industrial site and industrial complex development projects. By comparing and examining literature review and field surveys, the study underscores the urgent need to explore the possibility of linking with TNFD. Within the Environmental Impact Assessment Information System (EIASS), the researcher meticulously selected 15 projects from the 1st period (2013-2019) and another 15 from the 2nd period (2020-2024). This comprehensive approach allowed for the analysis of a total of 30 projects, focusing on survey methods, changes in species revealed through literature surveys and field surveys, legally protected species, and reduction measures. The survey methods applied to 30 locations were as follows: direct observation, literature survey, and footprints were 100%, mammal fecal traces were 96.67%, Inquiry investigation and nests/burrows/tunnels were 90%, food markers were 46.67%, carcasses were 33.33%, fur were 13.33%, unmanned sensor cameras were 10%, others were 6.67%, traps were 3.33%. In Period 2, unmanned sensor cameras and trap survey methods were introduced, and field survey methods were diversified. When the researcher compared the differences between the field survey and the literature survey by period, the average rate of decline of mammals in the literature survey and the field survey was -13.72% by family (Period 1: -13.97%, Period 2; -13.48%), and 28.57% by species (Period 1: -30.7%, Period 2: -26.43%), and the decline rate of changes in the literature and field surveys was analyzed to be less in Period 2 than in Period 1. Based on the literature review, the legally protected species are Prionailurus bengalensis (39%), Lutra lutra (32%), Martes flavigula (12%), Pteromys volans aluco(8%), Naemorhedus caudatus(5%), Mustela nivalis(2%), Crocidura lasiura(2%), Ursus thibetanus ussuricus (2%). Based on the field survey, Prionailurus bengalensis (46%), Lutra lutra (38%), Pteromys volans aluco(10%), Martes flavigula (3%), Crocidura lasiura (3%). Specific impact reduction measures related to mammals are identified as installation of ecological ditches, reduction of light pollution, installation of guide fences, creation of small habitats, installation of artificial nesting and feeding areas, and creation of multi-layered green spaces. As a means of improvement, detailed investigations, habitat analysis, and species distribution models for key species are required, and LEAP analysis should be conducted in conjunction with the TNFD announcement on biodiversity by GBF. Since environmental changes are irreversible, establishing specific reduction measures for legally protected species based on scientific evidence is a way to prevent extinction risks and maintain sustainability, which is also the goal of TNFD to preserve natural capital.