브라질 조합주의의 시대, 문화적 배경 = Historical and Cultural background of Corporatism in Brazil

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Vargas, came to power by revolution in 1930, implemented policies based on Corporatism. The policy of Vargas government was rooted in the apprehensions of the time. There were two main proposes why his interim government chose Corporatism: resolving problems between the capitalists and workers and establishment of strong central government by centralization. Vargas government made use of Trade Union not only to appease discontents of workers and to improve poor working conditions but to strengthen centralization of political power. At the beginning of the twenties, the vested interests were overcome with apprehensions of social overthrow due to the Russian Revolution. Adopting corporatism, Vargas government executed pro-workers preemptive measures to control working class. Besides this, Vargas government was obliged to carry out pro-workers policy because his government against traditional coffee nobility - then ruling capitalist class- needed urban working class and newly raising bourgeoisie class as its political supports to stabilize the regime. Based on corporatism, Vargas government should fatally be a centralized one. Vargas and his followers made use of trade union they organized and controlled as an official structure under the Labor Ministry to establish the strong central government weakening the powers of state governments. Since the establishment of the federative republican government, there was no nation wide hierarchical controlled organization in Brazil. Trade Union under Labor Ministry was, in this sense, very useful tool to realize centralization. However, the acceptability of corporatism in Brazil. The basic idea of Vargas on Trade Union had been lasted even in the following periods of democratized civil governments. The acceptability of corporatism is related with Brazilian unique patriarchism.

참고문헌 (Reference)

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