(The) true story of modern cosmology : origins, main actors and breakthroughs

목차 (Table of Contents)

• CONTENTS
• 1 Introduction : The Awakening of Cosmic Consciousness = 1
• 1.1 The First Conscious Knowledge Was of a Geometric Nature = 5
• 1.2 The Oldest Proofs of Art and Mathematical Reasoning = 9
• 1.3 First Scientific Concepts and Models of the Cosmos = 11
• 2 What Is a Scientific Theory? = 21
• 2.1 A Little History = 22
• 2.2 Galileo, Newton, Leibniz = 26
• 2.3 Illustrative Examples = 28
• 3 The First Cosmological Revolution of the Twentieth Century = 35
• 3.1 What Was the Universe Like a Hundred Years Ago? = 37
• 3.2 Henrietta Leavitt = 39
• 3.3 Vesto Slipher = 44
• 3.4 The Great Debate of 1920 : “The Scale of the Universe” = 58
• 3.5 An Island Universe = 68
• 3.5.1 Edwin Hubble = 76
• 3.5.2 Ernst Öpik = 79
• 4 The Theory of General Relativity and Its Main Solutions = 81
• 4.1 Einstein’s General Relativity = 82
• 4.2 The Fundamental Principles of the General Theory of Relativity = 102
• 4.3 Einstein and the Universe in 1917 = 113
• 4.4 The First Solutions of Einstein’s Equations = 121
• 4.4.1 Schwarzschild’s Black Hole Solution = 121
• 4.4.2 De Sitter’s Universe = 128
• 4.4.3 The Friedmann Families of Solutions = 131
• 5 The Hubble-Lemaître Law and the Expansion of the Universe = 137
• 5.1 Karl Lundmark and Carl Wirtz = 137
• 5.2 Georges Lemaître = 139
• 5.3 Hubble’s Law = 151
• 5.4 The Interpretation of Hubble’s Law = 153
• 5.5 General Acceptance of Lemaître’s Work of 1927 = 159
• 5.6 2018 : The Hubble-Lemaître Law = 161
• 5.6.1 Who was the first to discover that the Universe is expanding? = 165
• 6 The Big Bang Theory = 167
• 6.1 Dark Matter = 171
• 6.2 Fred Hoyle = 175
• 6.3 The Big Bang = 183
• 6.3.1 George Gamow = 186
• 6.4 The Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation = 191
• 6.5 Alan Guth = 195
• 6.6 R2 or Starobinsky Inflation = 203
• 7 Towards the Very Instant of Creation of the Universe = 207
• 7.1 The Big Bang Cosmological Models = 208
• 7.1.1 The Hot Big Bang Model = 208
• 7.1.2 The Cold Big Bang and Other Models = 210
• 7.2 The Big Bang Singularity = 210
• 7.2.1 The Belinsky-Khalatnikov-Lifshitz and Misner Singularities = 210
• 7.2.2 The Classical Singularity Theorems (Penrose, Hawking) = 211
• 7.2.3 A Brief Tribute to Stephen Hawking = 214
• 7.2.4 On Borde-Guth-Vilenkin’s Theorem = 222
• 7.3 How Could the Universe Have Originated? = 223
• 8 The Second Cosmological Revolution of the Twentieth Century = 229
• 8.1 An Expanding Universe Satisfies Einstein’s Equations = 234
• 8.2 But it Turns out that the Expansion of the Universe Is Accelerating = 236
• 8.3 Modifications to the General Theory of Relativity = 238
• 8.3.1 Acceleration : New Singularities = 240
• 8.4 What Is Our Universe Like, According to Astronomical Observations? = 243
• 8.4.1 Some Conclusions from Planck = 247
• 9 Conclusion = 251
• Bibliography = 257
• Index = 271