한국 농촌마을의 경관생태학적 특성에 관한 연구 : 장수마을을 대상으로 = A Study on the Landscape Ecological Characteristics of Rural Villages in Korea : Focused on the Longevity Villages in Korea

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The aim of this study is to present basic materials for suitable management of natural environment and rural landscape for the ageing society through landscape ecological analysis of rural longevity villages in South Korea.
Forty rural longevity villages were selected for this study. They are classified as mountainous, coastal and plain type villages. Sojeon-1ri(as a mountainous type village), Naeroe(as a costal type village) and Naengcheon(as a plain type village) were selected as the typical type of three type villages for this study.
An actual vegetation map, land-use map and biotope map are produced from the field survey for three villages. The conservation biotope area was selected by Sukopp's Hemeroby grade and Wittig's evaluation method which was applied to Dusseldorf in Germany. The landscape ecological characteristics of the biotope type was analysed by the occupied area ratio, shape index, fractal index, degree of dispersion and diversity index.
The biotope types were classified into twenty types in the mountainous village, and nineteen types were classified in coastal village and sixteen types were classified in the plain village. The conservation biotope area is 69.23% of the total area in the mountainous village, 23.36% in the coastal village and 11.71% in the plain village.
The results of analysis through landscape ecological index is as the following.
At the occupied area ratio, cultivated land and residential biotope types was lower than others in mountainous village. But the biotope types of plain village were higher.
At the shape index, afforest land biotope was lower than the natural forest biotope. The cultivated land biotope was lower in plain village. But cultivated land biotope was higher in the mountainous village. The result came from human interference.
At the fractal index, streams and deciduous forest were higher in mountainous village. Coniferous forest around the residential area was higher in coastal village. Streams and deciduous forest were also higher in plain village. The conservation measure to preserve them is necessary.
At the degree of dispersion, the residential area, the closed farm, and forest were higher in the mountainous village. But the residential area and cultivated land is lower in coastal and plain villages.
At the diversity index, the index of mountainous and coastal villages were higher than the plain village, because of their geographical specificities.
The result of the analysis for the assesment of biotope type and landscape ecological characteristic is as the following.
The landscape ecological index of the conservation biotope area shows regular results in order of the mountainous, coastal, and plain village. The results came from the difference of human interference, the degree of fragmentation, the area in the three type villages.
The mixed application method of the Hemeroby grade and selective biotope mapping is suitable to the selection of the conversion biotope area in rural areas of South Korea. And the landscape ecological index supports the reasonability of this method. If the method is developed, the arrangement of the selection method for buffer zone and useable area biotope types will be possible.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• Ⅰ. 서론 = 1
• 1. 연구의 배경 및 목적 = 1
• 2. 연구내용 = 4
• Ⅱ. 연구사 = 5
• Ⅲ. 연구 방법 = 7
• 1. 연구대상지 = 7
• 1) 연구대상지 선정 방법 = 7
• (1) 기초현황조사 방법 = 7
• (2) 입지특성분석 방법 = 7
• 2. 현장조사 = 9
• 1) 현존식생 및 토지이용현황조사 방법 = 9
• 2) 식물군집구조 조사 = 9
• 2) 수령조사 = 10
• 3. 비오톱 유형화 및 평가 방법 = 11
• 1) 비오톱 유형화 방법 = 11
• 2) 비오톱 유형평가 방법 = 12
• 4. 경관생태 지표의 설정 = 17
• 1) 점유 면적 = 17
• 2) 형태지수 = 18
• 3) 프랙탈 지수 = 20
• 4) 분산도 = 22
• 5) 다양성 지수 = 22
• Ⅳ. 결과 및 고찰 = 24
• 1. 기초현황 조사 및 입지특성 분석 결과 = 24
• 1) 기초현황 분석 결과 = 24
• 2) 입지특성 분석 결과 = 26
• 2. 유형화 및 유형별 특성 = 29
• 1) 산지형 유형의 특성 = 29
• 2) 해안형 유형의 특성 = 29
• 3) 평야형 유형의 특성 = 30
• 3. 연구대상지 선정결과 및 개황 = 32
• 1) 연구대상지 선정결과 = 32
• 2) 연구대상지 개황 = 34
• (1) 산지형 마을 = 34
• (2) 해안형 마을 = 36
• (3) 평야형 마을 = 38
• 4. 비오톱 유형화 및 평과결과 = 40
• 1) 비오톱 유형 분류 = 40
• (1) 충청북도 소전1리 = 40
• (2) 전라남도 내로마을 = 42
• (3) 전라남도 냉천마을 = 44
• 2) 비오톱 유형평가 = 47
• 5. 경관생태지수 분석 = 50
• 1) 점유면적 지수 분석 = 50
• (1) 산지형 소전1리 = 50
• (2) 해안형 내로마을 = 51
• (3) 평야형 냉천마을 = 53
• 2) 형태지수 분석 = 54
• (1) 산지형 소전1리 = 56
• (2) 해안형 내로마을 = 56
• (3) 평야형 냉천마을 = 57
• 3) 프랙탈 지수 분석 = 57
• (1) 산지형 소전 1리 = 57
• (2) 해안형 내로마을 = 58
• (3) 평야형 냉천마을 = 58
• 4) 분산도 지수 분석 = 59
• (1) 산지형 소전 1리 = 59
• (2) 해안형 내로마을 = 60
• (3) 평야형 냉천마을 = 60
• 5) 다양성 지수 분석 = 61
• 6) 비오톱 유형평가별 경관생태 지수분석 및 유의성 분석 = 62
• Ⅴ. 결론 = 67
• 인용문헌 = 74
• ABSTRACT = 77