인구정책 수단에서 자기관리 상품으로?: 자궁내장치 피임기술의 사회적 의미변화 = From a Population Policy Instrument to a Self-Care Commodity?: The Changing Social Meanings of the Intrauterine Device

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This article examines social debates on intrauterine device (IUD) technology to trace its shift from a tool of population control to a product of women’s self-management. Widely promoted in family planning programs in the 1960s and 1970s, IUDs lost public support for contraceptive use after a policy shift toward pronatalism, and today insurance coverage applies only to therapeutic use. This shows that contraception has been treated more as population regulation than as a reproductive right. The article analyzes how the sociocultural meaning of the IUD has changed through the interaction of technological features, population policy, commodification strategies, and women’s bodily experiences. Although marketing discourses of self-care and independent womanhood have displaced the IUD’s negative image as a population control device, reproductive decisions remain individualized as matters of risk management. Today, the IUD is reconfigured within discourses of self-determination and health, but this shift is better understood not as liberation from control, but as a redefinition of bodily norms—one that reframes women’s bodies as projects to be managed, moving from a state-centered framework to the language of the market and consumption.