風水와 佛敎의 四大物質觀 比較 硏究 : 문화간 소통의 관점 중심으로 = Comparisons on the Four Material Concepts of Feng Shui and Buddhism

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Culture originates and functions under the interdependent arising relationship with human. Especially, Feng Shui and Buddhism have interacted with human more than a thousand years to have positive impact on various fields such as politics, society, and architecture. However, these two cultures do not give mutual benefit any longer because the communication have been disconnect, while they went through a turmoil period.
Therefore, this study was to enhance the understanding on the communication effects by evaluating the historical negotiations of Feng Shui and Buddhism through a literature review. Furthermore, the study induced a table from the four material theory of two cultures by each element and compared and analyzed it. The conclusions of the study can be summarized as followings.
First, two common factors were identified after comparing the concept and origin of the four material theory of Feng Shui and Buddhism. The four materials of Feng Shui and Buddhism had cause and effect characteristics. The cause actively originates and creates all beings and materials; it forms various figures by composing four materials in various combinations. The effect maintains, nurtures, matures, and grows beings. Four materials also had homeostasis and discrimination. The four materials, which are capable to create, should satisfy the core identity of each element and should not change the quantity.
The core identity and quantity of four materials should be constantly maintained like the conservation law, because it is the essential principle of the order. On the other hand, the created materials experience various discriminative phenomena under various environments and conditions at given temporal and spatial term due to discriminative characteristics.
Feng Shui observed the shape and power of four materials as a mean to identify and measure the existence of live energy for people to have stable residence. However, Buddhism observed and considered the earth, water, fire, and wind, which are the fundamental elements of material forms, as a philosophical approach to the existence. Therefore, it could be said that Feng Shui treated the four materials as direct and one-dimensional targets to observe, while Buddhism considered them as indirect and applied targets to observe.
Secondly, overall Feng Shui and Buddhism both had the same concept to consider the four materials as the core bodies of creation and change. Moreover, both showed the same opinion that all things in nature were the consequential fruits through interactions of four materials under temporal and spatial environments. However, they had a different opinion on the role of four materials. Feng Shui believed that the earth controlled the live energy and played a main role, while the fire, water, and wind elements harmonized the live energy as supporting elements. In short, it had the aspect of discriminative roles. Contrarily, Buddhism emphasized that four materials were the cause and equal dominant elements, which created, maintained, and grew all beings. Moreover, Feng Shui had a unique opinion that sky energy and earth energy were the mother of four materials.
Thirdly, the comparisons of Feng Shui and Buddhism showed that Feng Shui presented various discriminative forms about each element such as good, evil, and Agnosticism, while Buddhism divided forms into human body and non-human body with various discriminative forms. Functionally, both Feng Shui and Buddhism generally classified and divided entrainment and interference.
Fourthly, following common denominators were found after comparing the viewpoint about beings in Feng Shui’s and Buddhism’s four material theory. Both Feng Shui and Buddhism indicated that beings in real life are formed by materials, because all things in nature made of the earth, water, fire, and wind, the four materials, as a single or combined form. The beings mutually interacted with each other under causationism rule and the same energy induction rule, because materials interacted. The interdependent arising principle enlightened the unificative characteristics of materials and beings. Therefore, the interdependent arising principle was suggested as the common existence concept for materials and the supporting theory.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• Ⅰ. 서 론 = 1
• 1. 연구의 필요성과 목적 = 3
• 2. 연구의 내용과 범위 = 5
• Ⅱ. 풍수와 불교의 교섭사와 선행 연구 검토 = 7
• 1. 풍수와 불교의 교섭사 = 7
• 2. 선행 연구의 검토 = 13
• Ⅲ. 풍수의 四大 물질관 = 15
• 1. 풍수의 四大 물질론 = 15
• 2. 풍수의 존재관 = 45
• 3. 풍수 四大 물질의 존재관 = 50
• Ⅳ. 불교의 四大 물질관 = 58
• 1. 불교의 四大 물질론 = 58
• 2. 불교의 존재관 = 74
• 3. 불교 四大 물질의 존재관 = 86
• Ⅴ. 풍수와 불교의 四大물질관 비교 = 99
• 1. 풍수와 불교의 四大 물질론 비교 = 99
• 2. 풍수와 불교 四大 물질의 존재관 비교 = 115
• Ⅵ. 결 론 = 120
• 참고문헌 = 125
• ABSTRACT = 131