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다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The purpose of this study is to analyze the theme of machine in Yury Olesha's
<Envy>. The relationship of man to machine was a central issue in Russian literature of the early twentieth century. This was clearly illustrated in Yury Olesha's roman <Envy>. Machine-man, Oфeлия(ofelija) is Ivan's most important invention and the ultimate weapon of the "Заговор чувств". She symbolizes the hopes and aspirations of Ivan and his old world. Ivan hopes to take revenge upon the new age for its appropriation of the human spirit, which it has turned into a machine by building a machine which, endowed with the most base of human emotions, will destroy the new order at its very core. The pierce of man which has been included in Офeлия is the chaotic and destructive side of the most irrational human emotions. Офeлия proves to be an anti-machine whose sole purpose is to bring down the new order, (symbolized by Andrej's Чeтвepтaк) by perverting the machine, the darling of the new ara. Ivan's machine is, in essence, an anti-machine, the chief instrument of the new age turned against itself in the cause of the old age. She cannot be said to exist in the concrete world of the novel - it exists solely in the imagination of two characters, Ivan Babichev and Nikolaj Kavalerov Офeлия is Ivan's unsuccessful attempt to engineer a new and even more fantastic peripheral world; it is a phantom weapon against the destruction of humanity by the machine men of the machine age.
Volodya Makarov appears to be the All-Soviet type. He is most clearly the New Man of the 1920s in his preoccupation with labor efficiency and sports. Makarov's interest in technology is evident in his obsession with the machine. Moreover he wishes to turn himself into a machine, to subject himself to an inhuman discipline, to wait an even four loveless years for Valya, his fiancee. All this seems inhuman; Volodya is a machine, and nor a human being. But he may be often seen as non-Russianness by the descriptions of his japanese smile. The cult of the man-machine emerged from the absolute faith in science and new technology typical for the 1920s.

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