We conducted kinetic and equilibrium sorption experiments on removal of divalent heavy metals (Pb(II), Cu(II), Zn(II), Cd(II)) and trivalent arsenic (As(III)) from aqueous solutions by scoria (a vesicular pyroclastic rock with basaltic composition) fr...
We conducted kinetic and equilibrium sorption experiments on removal of divalent heavy metals (Pb(II), Cu(II), Zn(II), Cd(II)) and trivalent arsenic (As(III)) from aqueous solutions by scoria (a vesicular pyroclastic rock with basaltic composition) from Jeju Island and steel slag (basic oxygen furnace slag: BOFS; an agglomerate generating during a steel manufacturing process) from the Pohang Iron & Steel Works, Korea, in order to its potential use as an efficient sorbent. The batch-type kinetic sorption tests under variable conditions indicated the removal efficiencies of heavy metals and arsenic except lead ion (Pb(II) by steel slag are slight higher than that by scoria. However, the hydration of slag composition during the tests provides a high pH (> 11) in the aqueous solutions. Careful examination of ionic concentrations in sorption batches suggests that for heavy metals the sorption behaviors onto scoria and steel slag are mainly controlled by cation exchange and precipitation with metal hydroxides, respectively, and for arsenic that are sensitive by physical adsorption onto hematite (minor composition in scoria) and calcium-arsenite precipitation, respectively. Equilibrium sorption tests show that the removal capacity of heavy metals onto scoria decreases when solution pH decreases because of the competition with hydrogen ions for sorption sites, while their removal capacity increases under higher pH conditions, likely due to hydroxide precipitation. Multi-component system with heavy metals and arsenic under variable conditions also show the arsenic removal efficiency increases with increasing metal hydroxide precipitates by the coprecipitation. The acquired kinetic sorption data are better fitted to the pseudo-second-order model than first-order model (Lagergren equation), and the equilibrium sorption data of heavy metals and arsenic onto scoria are well explained by the langmuir isotherm and the Freundlich isotherm, respectively. We recommend Jeju scoria as an economic and efficient sorbent for heavy metals and arsenic in contaminated water.