박목월의 시 <나그네>의 예술가곡화 연구 = A study of the capability to be an art song of Mok-wol Park`s Poetry, “Naguenae”

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study aims to examine the capability of Mok-wol Park`s poetry, Naguenae, as an art song. The art song, originally developed in Germany in the eighteenth-century, is a genre of art that unites poetry and music; the composers put a melody on poems so that singers could sing the songs. As an outcome of cultural convergence, the two independent forms of art, literature and music, came to converge into a completely single genre, heralding a birth of a new musical style. Korean poetry began to mature in the 1930s and Mok-wol Park, the most representative poet throughout the history of Korean literature, shows lyrical and rhythmical features on his early poems. This musicality was valuable to be used as text for art songs by many contemporary composers such as Yeon-jun Kim, Sung-tae Kim, Sun-ae Kim, Soo-in Lee, and I-sang Yoon. In the process of categorizing their art songs, we discovered that there are numerous songs using particularly Naguenae as a text. This study mainly explores and analyzes reasons from musical and glossematic perspectives, as well as from viewpoint of the theory of cultural convergence. Mok-wol`s Naguenae written based on a calculation of its regular rhythmic patterns has the optimum condition as a text for the musical setting in which a tonal center, rhythm, and phrasing can be combined without any disturbances. Moreover, his use of liquid sound aids a singer`s vocalization. Therefore, in view of the fact that a song is to be sung, which is a necessary and sufficient condition for an art song, together with a text and musical setting, Naguenae qualifies all conditions. The fact that one particular poem written by one poet was used as a text for an art song by fourteen different composers is unusual case in Korean history of art songs. In addition, Mok-wal Park`s Naguenae is not only literary valuable, but means a new step of cultural convergence.

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