듀이 의식이론의 현상학적 이해: 윌리엄 제임스의 영향을 중심으로 = A Phenomenological Interpretation of Dewey`s Theory of Consciousness: Focused on the Influence of William James

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Phenomenology tends to value our ordinary perception and consciousness as a basis of cognition, not pre-supposing any external truth. The basis of truth in phenomenology is not based on the fixation of object separated from the subject, but on the co-relationship of the subject and the object that is being changed dynamically. Dewey`s concept of primary experience rejects the traditional dualism, and respects the situational context of life as a basis of cognition. In this respect, Dewey`s concept of primary experience co-relates to the phenomenology. In the context of the history of thoughts, Dewey`s phenomenological aspects are not affected by European phenomenology, but influenced by William James`s psychology. Because, James`s ``pure experience`` and Dewey`s ``primary experience`` commonly involve phenomenological perception that the subject and the object do not be separated. Moreover, according to Dewey`s recollection, James`s psychology operated as a ``ferment`` of reconstructing his old beliefs. Then in any aspects, do James`s psychology operate as a ``ferment`` of reconstructing Dewey`s old beliefs? This study is an attempt to elucidate an answer to this question, focusing on the two`s theory of consciousness. In this study, we distinguish Dewey`s theory of consciousness in three aspects: purposiveness, integration, and continuity, and intend to analyze the influence of James`s psychology in Dewey`s theory of consciousness. To put it concretely, we can say that Dewey`s primary experience co-relates to James`s pure experience, Dewey`s ``selective response`` co-relates to James`s ``fringe`` and ``attention``, and Dewey`s ``circuit of consciousness`` co-relates to James`s ``stream of consciousness``. This study intends to analyze the influence of James`s psychology in Dewey`s theory of consciousness, and to elucidate its phenomenological meanings.

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