항공사 직무환경이 직무만족과 직무성과 및 삶의 질에 미치는 영향 : 국내 A항공사 중심으로

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구는 항공사의 직무환경이 항공사 종사원의 직장에 대한 기대·생각·충성도 및 삶의 가치에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 하였다.
지금까지의 선행연구를 통하여 관련 이론들을 연구 분석하고, 이를 토대로 파악된 변수들의 상관관계를 확인하기 위해서 가설설정 후 설문지를 구성하여 이들의 관계성을 연구하였다.
조사대상은 현재 국내 A항공사에 근무하는 전 직원이며, SPSS 15.0 통계프로그램을 이용하여 다음과 같이 분석하였다.
첫째, 직무만족을 높이기 위해서는 직무환경요인 중 작업환경이나 복지보다는 비젼이 가장 중요하고, 급여, 책임감, 팀원 간의 관계, 인사 등이 중요한 예측 요인으로 분석되었다.
둘째, 직무성과를 높이기 위해서는 직무환경요인 중 급여나 인사보다는 비젼, 작업환경, 책임감, 팀원 간의 관계, 복지 순으로 예측요인이 분석 되었다.
셋째, 직무만족과 직무성과는 모두 삶의 질을 높이기 위한 중요한 예측 요인으로 분석되었다.
추가로 매개효과 검증을 살펴보면 책임감, 비젼, 급여, 팀원 간의 관계 요인은 삶의 질에 직접적으로 영향을 미치고 직무만족의 매개를 통해서도 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타나 부분매개효과가 있으나, 인사 요인은 직무만족의 매개를 통해서만 삶의 질에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타나 완전매개효과가 있음을 알 수 있다. 또한 책임감, 비젼, 작업환경, 복지, 팀원 간의 관계 요인 모두 삶의 질에 직접적으로 영향을 미치고 직무성과의 매개를 통해서도 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타나 부분매개효과가 있는 것을 알 수 있다.
본 연구는 항공사의 직무환경요인을 구체화함으로써 조직의 직무환경개선의 여지의 기준을 마련하였다. 그리고 조직원들의 조직에 대한 생각과 직무만족·직무성과에 미치는 영향요인의 기준을 제시하여 조직에 대한 충성심과 긍지를 높이고, 직무만족과 직무성과를 높일 수 있는 효과적이고 정책적인 방안을 모색 할 수 있는 기준을 제시하였다. 또한 조직원의 행복한 삶을 위한 삶의 질 향상이 항공사의 조직뿐만 아니라 국가 및 전 세계 인류의 공통적인 과제이며, 인간의 존엄성, 다양한 욕구변화와 행복에 부응하기 위해 노력하는 시대의 패러다임의 한 측면임을 보여 주고 있다.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 제 1 장 서 론 ··························································· 1
• 제 1 절 연구의 배경 ······················································· 1
• 제 2 절 연구의 목적 ······················································· 4
• 제 3 절 연구방법 및 구성 ················································ 5
• 제 2 장 이론적 배경 ··················································· 8
• 제 1 절 직무환경 ·························································· 8
• 1. 직무환경의 개념 ···················································· 8
• 2. 항공사의 직무환경 ··············································· 10
• 3. 직무환경에 대한 구성요인········································· 12
• 제 2 절 직무만족 ························································· 17
• 1. 직무만족의 개념 ··················································· 17
• 2. 직무만족의 영향을 미치는 요인 ································· 20
• 3. 직무만족의 중요성 ··················································· 23
• 제 3 절 직무성과 ························································· 25
• 1. 직무성과의 개념 ··················································· 25
• 2. 직무성과의 측정 및 평가요인 ··································· 28
• 제 4 절 삶의 질 ·························································· 29
• 1. 삶의 질의 개념 ···················································· 29
• 2. 삶의 질의 영향을 미치는 구성요인 ······························ 33
• 제 5 절 변수간의 상관관계 측정 ······································ 34
• 1. 독립변수와 매개변수와의 상관관계 ····························· 34
• 2. 매개변수와 종속변수와의 상관관계 ····························· 35
• 3. 독립변수와 종속변수와의 상관관계 ···························· 38
• 제 3 장 연구설계 및 조사 ············································· 40
• 제 1 절 연구모형과 가설설정 ·········································· 40
• 1. 연구모형 ···························································· 40
• 2. 연구가설 ···························································· 41
• 제 2 절 설문의 구성 ····················································· 43
• 1. 분석대상 및 자료수집 ············································ 43
• 2. 변수의 조작적 정의 ················································44
• 제 4 장 실증분석 및 가설검정 ········································ 47
• 제 1 절 표본의 특성 ····················································· 47
• 제 2 절 측정항목의 타당성과 신뢰성 검증 ···························· 49
• 1. 측정항목에 대한 타당성 검증 ··································· 49
• 2. 측정항목에 대한 신뢰성 검증 ··································· 52
• 제 3 절 가설 검증 ························································ 54
• 1. 가설 1의 검증 ······················································ 55
• 2. 가설 2의 검증 ······················································ 57
• 3. 가설 3의 검증 ······················································ 59
• 4. 추가분석····························································· 62
• 제 5 장 결론 ·························································· 70
• 제 1 절 연구결과의 요약 및 결론 ····································· 70
• 제 2 절 연구의 시사점 및 한계점 ····································· 72
• 참고문헌 ······································································· 74
• 부 록 ··········································································· 84
• Abstract ······································································· 90